Электронная книга: George Chalmers «An historical view of the domestic economy of G. Britain, and Ireland»
Полный вариант заголовка: «An historical view of the domestic economy of G. Britain, and Ireland : from the earliest to the present times : with a comparative estimate of their efficient strength, arising from their populosity, and agriculture, their manufactures, and trade, in every age / by George Chalmers». Издательство: "Библиотечный фонд" (1812)
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George Chalmers
:"For the
George Chalmers (1742 –
Biography
Chalmers was born at
Two uncles on the father's side having settled in North America, he visited
At length, in August 1786, Chalmers, whose sufferings as a Royalist must have strongly recommended him to the government of the day, was appointed chief clerk to the committee of Privy Council on matters relating to trade, a situation which he retained till his death in 1825, a period of nearly forty years. As his official duties made no great demands on his time, he had abundant leisure to devote to his favourite studies — the antiquities and topography of Scotland having thenceforth special attractions for his busy pen.
On his death, his valuable and extensive library he bequeathed to his nephew, at whose death in 1841 it was sold and dispersed. Chalmers was a member of the Royal and Antiquarian Societies of London, an honorary member of the Antiquarian Society of Scotland, and a member of other learned societies. In private life he was undoubtedly an amiable man, although the dogmatic tone that disfigures portions of his writings procured him many opponents. Among his avowed antagonists in literary warfare the most distinguished were
Early works (1776-1786)
Before his Privy Council appointment, Chalmers applied himself to investigating the history and establishment of the English colonies in
Mature works (1786-1824)
Besides biographical sketches of Defoe, Sir John Davies, Allan Ramsay, Sir David Lyndsay, Churchyard and others, prefixed to editions of their respective works, the British government paid Chalmers 500 pounds sterling to write a hostile biography of
His "Apology for the Believers in the Shakespeare Papers" which were exhibited in Norfolk Street, appeared in 1797, followed by other tracts on the same subject. These contributions to the literature of Shakespeare are full of curious matter, but on the whole display a great waste of erudition, in seeking to show that papers which had been proved forgeries might nevertheless have been genuine. Chalmers also took part in the
His political writings are equally numerous. Among them may be mentioned "Collection of Treaties between Great Britain and other Powers" (1790); "Vindication of the Privileges of the People in respect to the Constitutional Right of Free Discussion, etc." (1796), published anonymously; "A Chronological Account of Commerce and Coinage in Great Britain from the Restoration till 1850" (1810); "Opinions of Eminent Lawyers on various points of English Jurisprudence, chiefly concerning the Colonies, Fisheries, and Commerce of Great Britain" (1814); "Comparative Views of the State of Great Britain before and since the War" (1817).
He had also been engaged on a history of Scottish poetry and a history of printing in Scotland. Each of them he thought likely to extend to two large quarto volumes, and on both he expended an unusual amount of enthusiasm and energy. He had also prepared for the press an elaborate history of the life and reign of David I. In his later researches he was assisted by his nephew James, son of Alexander Chalmers, writer in Elgin.
"Caledonia"
Chalmers's greatest work is his "Caledonia"; which, however, he did not live to complete. The first volume appeared in 1807, and is introductory to the others. It is divided into four books, treating successively of the Roman, the Pictish, the Scottish and the Scoto-Saxon periods, from 80 to 1306 AD. In these we are presented, in a condensed form, with an account of the people, the language and the civil and ecclesiastical history, as well as the agricultural and commercial state of Scotland during the first thirteen centuries of our era. Unfortunately the chapters on the Roman period are entirely marred by the author's having accepted as genuine Bertram's forgery "Dc Situ Britanniae"; but otherwise his opinions on controversial topics are worthy of much respect, being founded on a laborious investigation of all the original authorities that were accessible to him.
The second volume, published in 1810, gives an account of the seven southeastern counties of Scotland — Roxburgh, Berwick, East Lothian ("Haddington"),
In 1824, after an interval of fourteen years, the third volume appeared, giving, under the same headings, a description of the seven south-western counties — Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, Wigtown, Ayr, Lanark,Renfrew and Dumbarton. In the preface to this volume the author states that the materials for the history of the central and northern counties were collected, and that he expected the work would be completed in two years, but this expectation was not realized.
References
*1911
Resources and external links
* [http://www.electricscotland.com/history/other/chalmers_george.htm "Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen"] The National Portrait Gallery has a sketch of George Chalmers
* [http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/ Search the collection]
Источник: George Chalmers
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George Chalmers | An historical view of the domestic economy of G. Britain, and Ireland | Полный вариант заголовка: «An historical view of the domestic economy of G. Britain, and Ireland : from the earliest to the present times : with a comparative estimate of their… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | 1812 | электронная книга |
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