Книга: Harvey W. Wiley «The Waste And Conservation Of Plant Food»
Серия: "-" Книга представляет собой репринтное издание 1896 года (издательство "Washington, D. C." ). Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по восстановлению первоначального качества издания, на некоторых страницах могут обнаружиться небольшие" огрехи" :помарки, кляксы и т. п. Издательство: "Книга по Требованию" (1896)
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Harvey W. Wiley
Harvey Washington Wiley (
Early life and career
Wiley was born on October 18, 1844 in a log farmhouse near Kent, in Jefferson county Indiana, the son of a farmer. He enrolled in nearby
After he graduated, Wiley accepted a position teaching chemistry at the medical college, where he taught Indiana's first laboratory course in chemistry beginning in 1873. Following a brief interlude at
In 1878, Wiley travelled overseas where he attended the lectures of
In Wiley's day, detecting ecgonine was harder without the advanced chemical analysis.
Government career
Wiley was offered the position of Chief Chemist in the
After assisting Congress in their earliest questions regarding the safety of the chemical preservatives then being employed in foods, Wiley was appropriated $5,000 in 1902 to study the effects of a diet consisting in part of the various preservatives on human volunteers. These famous "poison squad" studies drew national attention to the need for a federal food and drug law.
Wiley soon became a crusader and coalition builder in support of national food and drug regulation which earned him the title of "Father of the Pure Food and Drugs Act" when it became law in 1906. Wiley authored two editions of "Foods and Their Adulteration" (1907 and 1911), which detailed the history, preparation and subsequent adulteration of basic foodstuffs to a broad audience. He was also a founding father of the
The fact that enforcement of the federal Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was given to the
Wiley's tenure, however, was marked by controversy over the administration of the 1906 statute which he had worked so hard to secure. Concerns over preserving chemicals, which had not been specifically addressed in the law, continued to be controversial. The Secretary of Agriculture appointed a Referee Board of Consulting Scientists, headed by
Under Wiley's leadership, however, the Bureau of Chemistry grew significantly, both in strength and in stature after assuming responsibility for the enforcement of the 1906 Act. Between 1906 and 1912, Wiley's staff expanded from 110 to 146 and in 1910 the Bureau moved into its own building. Appropriations, which had been $155,000 in 1906 were $963,780 in 1912.
Work at "Good Housekeeping"
In 1912, Wiley resigned and took over the laboratories of "Good Housekeeping" magazine, where he continued his work on behalf of the consuming public. His disapprobation of "drugged" products included as the caffeine in cola drinks, against which he warned as vehemently as he would have against the cocaine they had once contained. In a famous action brought against the Coca-Cola company in 1911, he contended that it was illegal to use the name Coca-Cola when there was no actual cocaine in the drink, and also that it was illegal for it to contain caffeine as an additive. Perversely, this was as much as to say that the product ought to have contained cocaine and not caffeine. Still, the case was a landmark in developing standards for truth in labelling.
He remained with "Good Housekeeping" for 18 years.
After his death
Harvey Wiley died at his home in
Harvey W. Wiley has been honored in a number of ways since his passing:
The
The U.S. Post Office issued a 3 cent postage stamp in Wiley's honor on June 27, 1956, in conjunction with the 50th anniversary of the 1906 Act.
The Harvey W. Wiley Award is
Wiley has several buildings named in his honor. Wiley was honored by Hanover College with a "Wiley Residence Hall" inaugurated in 1956. He was also honored by Purdue University in 1958 when the "Harvey W. Wiley Residence Hall" was opened northwest of the main academic campus. The FDA's Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) operations are located in the Harvey W. Wiley Federal Building in College Park, MD, constructed in 2001, and named after Wiley in 2002.
His birthplace near Kent is commemorated with an Indiana historic marker sign placed at the corner of IN-256 & CR-850W. The marker was sponsored by the Association of Food and Drug Officials and erected in 1981.
The Harvey Washington Wiley Distinguished Professor of Chemistry is an honor established through the Chemistry department at Purdue University. The position has been occupied since 1997 by Dr. Dale W. Margerum.
References
*Francis, F.J. (2000). "Harvey W. Wiley: Pioneer in Food Science and Quality." In "A Century of Food Science." Chicago: Institute of Food Technologists. pp. 13-14.
*Wiley, Harvey W. (1930). "Harvey W. Wiley, An Autobiography." Bobbs Merrill Company, Indianapolis.
External links
* [http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2006/106_wiley.html Harvey W. Wiley: Pioneer Consumer Activist] , from the January-February 2006 issue of "
*http://www.thecrusadingchemist.com, the official website of "The Crusading Chemist" screenplay by
Источник: Harvey W. Wiley
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Harvey W. Wiley | The Waste And Conservation Of Plant Food | Книга представляет собой репринтное издание 1896 года (издательство "Washington, D. C." ). Несмотря на то, что была… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее... | 1896 | 411 | бумажная книга |
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