Электронная книга: Francis Parkman «France and England in N America, Part V: Count Frontenac, New France, Louis XIV»
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Francis Parkman
Francis Parkman (
Biography
Parkman was born in
Parkman enrolled at
Upon graduation in 1846, he was persuaded to get a law degree, his father hoping such study would rid Parkman of his desire to write his history of the forests. It did no such thing, and after finishing law school Parkman proceeded to fulfill his great plan. His family was somewhat appalled at Parkman's choice of life work, since at the time writing histories of the American wilderness was considered ungentlemanly. Serious historians would study ancient history, or after the fashion of the time, the Spanish Empire. Parkman's works became so well-received that by the end of his lifetime histories of early America had become the fashion.
In 1846, Parkman travelled west on a hunting expedition, where he spent a number of weeks living with the
A scion of a wealthy Boston family, Parkman had enough money to pursue his research without having to worry too much about finances. His financial stability was enhanced by his modest lifestyle, and later, by the royalties from his book sales. He was thus able to commit much of his time to research, as well as to travel. He travelled across North America, visiting most of the historical locations he wrote about, and made frequent trips to Europe seeking original documents with which to further his research.
Parkman's accomplishments are all the more impressive in light of the fact that he suffered from a debilitating neurological illness, which plagued him his entire life, and which was never properly diagnosed. He was often unable to walk, and for long periods he was effectively blind, being unable to stand but the slightest amount of light. Much of his research involved having people read documents to him, and much of his writing was written in the dark, or dictated to others.
Parkman married Catherine Scollay Bigelow on
Legacy
Parkman has been hailed as one of America's first great historians and as a master of narrative history. His work has been praised by historians who have published essays in new editions of his work, including Pulitzer Prize winners
Too often Parkman could ignore evidence that was not in accord with his views, permit his bias to control his judgment, or sketch characterizations that are little better than hostile caricatures.... Modern sensibilities will be nettled by his casual stereotypes of national character and by the sharp distinction he draws between "civilization" and "savagery." Even more difficult to take is his portrayal (not always consistent or invariably negative) of the Indian as a beast of the forest, "man, wolf, and devil, all in one," and as a race inevitably and rightly doomed. [C. Vann Woodward, Forward to 1984 edition of Parkman's "Montcalm and Wolfe: The French and Indian War", p. xxx.]The English-born and
...it would be easy to dismiss "Pontiac" as a curious—perhaps embarrassing—artifact of another time and place. Yet Parkman's work represents a pioneering effort; in several ways he anticipated the kind of frontier history now taken for granted.... Parkman's masterful and evocative use of language remains his most enduring and instructive legacy. [McConnell, pp. xv–xvi.]The American writer and literary critic Edmund Wilson (1895-1972) in his book "O Canada" (1965), described Parkman’s "France and England in North America" in these terms: “The clarity, the momentum and the color of the first volumes of Parkman’s narrative are among the most brilliant achievements of the writing of history as an art.” The "Francis Parkman School" in Forest Hills bears his name, as does "Parkman Drive" and the granite Francis Parkman Memorial at the site of his last home in
Selected works
* "The Oregon Trail" (1847)
* "The Conspiracy of Pontiac" (1851)
* "Vassall Morton (1856), a novel
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/3721 "The Pioneers of France in the New World" (1865) Gutenberg]
* "The Book of Roses" (1866)
* "
* "La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West" (1869)
* "The Old Régime in Canada" (1874)
* "Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV" (1877) [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/6875 Gutenberg]
* "
* "A Half Century of Conflict" (1892) [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/7064 vol 2 Gutenberg]
* "The Journals of Francis Parkman". Two Volumes. Edited by Mason Wade. New York: Harper, 1947.
* "The Letters of Francis Parkman". Two Volumes. Edited by Wilbur R. Jacobs. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1960.
* " The Battle for North America". A single-volume abridgement of "France and England in North America", edited by John Tebbel. Doubleday 1948.
References
* Cappel, Constance, The Smallpox Genocide of the Odawa Tribe at L'Arbre Croche, 1763: The History of a Native American People, Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2007.
* David Levin, ed. Parkman: France and England in North America, vol. 1 (
* David Levin, ed. Parkman: France and England in North America, vol. 2 (
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=9420567 Charles Haight Farnham, "A Life of Francis Parkman". Boston: Little, Brown, 1900.]
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=77489468 "Francis Parkman" by Robert L. Gale (1973)]
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=98866105 Harvey Wish, "The American Historian: A Social-intellectual History of the Writing of the American Past" (1960)] ch 6 on Parkman.
* [http://www.questia.com/library/history/historians/francis-parkman.jsp Additional Online Books Regarding Parkman]
Notes
External links
* [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A(Parkman%2C%20Francis%2C%201823-1893)%20-contributor%3Agutenberg%20AND%20mediatype%3Atexts Works by Francis Parkman] at
*gutenberg author|id=Francis_Parkman|name=Francis Parkman (plain text and HTML)
* [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=6356 Biography at the "Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"]
* [http://www.jphs.org/people/2005/4/14/francis-parkman-memorial.html Francis Parkman Memorial] - Jamaica Plain Historical Society
Источник: Francis Parkman
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Parkman, Francis — born Sept. 16, 1823, Boston, Mass., U.S. died Nov. 8, 1893, Jamaica Plain, Mass. U.S. historian. Parkman graduated from Harvard University before embarking in 1846 on a journey to the West that resulted in The California and Oregon Trail (1849).… … Universalium