Электронная книга: Hans Berger «Automating with SIMATIC S7-1200. Configuring, Programming and Testing with STEP 7 Basic»

Automating with SIMATIC S7-1200. Configuring, Programming and Testing with STEP 7 Basic

The SIMATIC S7-1200 PLC offers a modular design concept with similar functionality as the well-known S7-300 series. Being the follow-up generation of the SIMATIC S7-200 the controllers can be used in a versatile manner for small machines and small automation systems. Simple motion control functionalities are both an integral part of the micro PLC and an integrated PROFINET interface for programming, HMI link and CPU-CPU communication. As part of Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) Portal, the engineering software STEP 7 Basic offers a newly developed user interface, which is matched to intuitive operation. The functionality comprises all interests concerning automation: From configuring the controllers via programming in the IEC languages LAD (ladder diagram), FBD (function block diagram) and SCL (structured control language) up to program testing. The book presents all of the hardware components of the automation system S7-1200, as well as its configuration and parameterization. A profound introduction into STEP 7 Basic V11 illustrates the basics of programming and trouble shooting. Beginners learn the basics of automation with SIMATIC S7-1200 and advanced users of S7-200 and S7-300 receive the knowledge required to work with the new PLC. Users of STEP 7 Professional V12 will easily get along with the descriptions based on the V11. With start of V12, the screens of the technology functions might differ slightly from the V11.

Издательство: "John Wiley&Sons Limited"

ISBN: 9783895789014

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Hans Berger

Infobox Scientist
name = Hans Berger
box_width =



image_width =150px
caption = Hans Berger
birth_date = May 21, 1873
birth_place = Neuses
death_date = June 1, 1941
death_place =
residence =
citizenship =
nationality = Germany
ethnicity =
field =
work_institutions =
alma_mater = University of Jena
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for = electroencephalograms
author_abbrev_bot =
author_abbrev_zoo =
influences =
influenced =
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Hans Berger (May 21, 1873June 1, 1941) was born in Neuses near Coburg, Thuringia, Germany. He is known as the first to record electroencephalograms from human subjects and is the discoverer of the rhythmic Alpha brain waves.

Background

Berger originally had intended to study astronomy. While he was serving in the German army in the early 1890s, his horse slipped down an embankment, nearly seriously injuring Berger. His sister many miles away had a feeling he was in danger and got her father to telegram him. This astonished him so much that he switched to study psychology Harv|Blakemore|1977.

He studied medicine at the University of Jena, receiving his doctorate in 1897. In 1900 he was hired as an assistant to Otto Ludwig Binswanger (1852-1929), chairman of the University's psychiatry and neurology clinic. There, he joined two famous scientists and physicians, Oskar Vogt (1870-1959) and Korbinian Brodmann (1868-1918) in their research on lateralization of brain function. He became a professor in 1906 and succeeded Binswanger in 1919. He later served as Rector at the University of Jena (1927-1928) and eventually became Professor Emeritus in Psychology in 1938.

Research

Among his many research interests in neurology, Berger studied brain circulation, psychophysiology and brain temperature. However his main contribution to medicine and neurology was the systematic study of the electrical activity of human brain and the development of electroencephalography (EEG), following the pioneering work done by Richard Caton (1842-1926) in England with animals. In 1924, Berger made the first EEG recording in man and called it "Electroenkephalogram". Using the EEG he was also the first to describe the different waves or rhythms which were present in the normal and abnormal brain, such as the alpha wave rhythm (8-12 Hz), also known as Berger's wave; and its suppression (substitution by the faster beta waves) when the subject opens the eyes (the so-called "alpha blockade"). He also studied and described for the first time the nature of EEG alterations in brain diseases such as epilepsy.

His method involved inserting silver wires under the patients scalp, one at the front of the head and one at the back. Later he used silver foil electrodes attached to the head by a rubber bandage. As a recording device he first used the Lippmann's capillary electrometer, but results were disappointing. He then switched to the string galvanometer and later to a double-coil Siemens recording galvanometer, which allowed him to record electrical voltages as small as one ten thousandth of a volt. The resulting output, up to three seconds in duration, was then photographed by an assistant.

"Berger, in 1935, was not regarded by his associates as in the front rank of German psychiatrists, having rather the reputation of being a crank. He seemed to me to be a modest and dignified person, full of good humour, and as unperturbed by lack of recognition as he was later by the fame it eventually brought upon him. But he had one fatal weakness: he was completely ignorant of the technical and physical basis of his method. He knew nothing about mechanics or electricity." " - from The Living Brain, William Grey Walter.

International recognition came later to Berger. His results were confirmed by British and American scientists, such as Edgar Douglas Adrian and he was invited in 1937 to present his work to an international forum, where the importance and pioneering nature of his discoveries were hailed.

Death

Disturbed by the consequences of the Second World War and National Socialism to his professional and private world, Hans Berger committed suicide by hanging himself on June 1, 1941.

Selected publications

* "Über das Elektroenkephalogramm des Menschen." Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, 1929, 87: 527-570.

References

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id = PMID:16334737
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16334737
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periodical=Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie
pages=156-60
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*Citation
id = PMID:4898295
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pages=977-80

Further reading

* cite encyclopedia
last = Schulte
first = B.P.M.
title = Berger, Hans
encyclopedia = Dictionary of Scientific Biography
volume = 2
pages = 1-2
publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons
location = New York
date = 1970
isbn = 0684101149

External links

* [http://chem.ch.huji.ac.il/~eugeniik/history/berger.html Hans Berger biography]
* [http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/845.html Hans Berger] . "Who Named It" site.

Источник: Hans Berger

См. также в других словарях:

  • Hans Berger — ist der Name folgender Personen: Hans Berger (Neurologe) (1873–1941), deutscher Neurologe Hans Berger (Maler) (1882–1977), Schweizer Maler Hans Berger (Diplomat) (1909–1985), deutscher Diplomat Hans Berger (Widerstandskämpfer) (1916–1943),… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hans Berger — (Neuses, 21 de mayo de 1873 Jena, 1 de junio de 1941) fue un neurólogo alemán. Estudió la carrera de medicina en la Universidad de Jena, en la que se doctoró en 1897. Se le considera el padre de la electroencefalografía. Fue el primero que aplicó …   Wikipedia Español

  • Hans Berger — (1873 1941), psiquiatra alemán nacido en Neuses y muerto en Jena. En 1929 inventó el electroencefalógrafo, instrumento que registra las «ondas cerebrales», con cuyo auxilio descubrió que ciertas formas son características del reposo, la vigilia y …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Hans Berger — Infobox Scientist name = Hans Berger box width = image width =150px caption = Hans Berger birth date = May 21, 1873 birth place = Neuses death date = June 1, 1941 death place = residence = citizenship = nationality = Germany ethnicity = field =… …   Wikipedia

  • Hans Berger — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Berger (homonymie). Hans Berger. Hans Berger, né à Neuses près de Cobourg le 21 mai  …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hans Berger (Neurologe) — Hans Berger Hans Berger (* 21. Mai 1873 in Neuses bei Coburg; † 1. Juni 1941 in Jena) war ein deutscher Neurologe und Psychiater; er war der Entwickler der Elektroenzephalographie (EEG) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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