Книга: Joel Chandler Harris «Uncle Remus. His Songs and His Sayings»

Joel Chandler Harris

Joel Chandler Harris (December 9,1848 – July 3, 1908) was an American journalist born in Eatonton, Georgia who wrote the Uncle Remus stories. [ [http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-525&hl=y "Joel Chandler Harris"] , New Georgia Encyclopedia, notes he was born in 1845, not 1848. Accessed 8 Jul 2008] His stories gained popular success and included "Uncle Remus; His Songs and His Sayings. The Folk-Lore of the Old Plantation." (1880), "Nights with Uncle Remus" (1881 & 1882), "Uncle Remus and His Friends" (1892), and "Uncle Remus and the Little Boy" (1905).

The stories, based on the African-American oral storytelling tradition, were revolutionary in their use of dialect. They featured a trickster hero called Br'er Rabbit ("Brother" Rabbit), who used his wits against adversity, though his efforts did not always succeed. Br'er Rabbit is a direct interpretation of Yoruba tales of Hare, though some others posit Native American influences as well. [ That the People Might Live : Native American Literatures and Native American Community, p. 4] [ [http://www.godchecker.com/pantheon/african-mythology.php?deity=HARE HARE: Infamous Trickster God] ]

Harris began publishing his stories in the "Atlanta Constitution" in 1879 at a time of great interest in the South and in freedmen. They became popular among both black and white readers in the North and South, not least because they presented an idealized view of race relations soon after the Civil War.

Paul Reuben wrote, “Joel Chandler Harris was a white man, born of poor parents, who at thirteen left home and became an apprentice to Joseph Addison Turner, a newspaper publisher and plantation owner. It is at this plantation, Turnwold, that Harris first heard the black folktales that were to make him famous.” Fact|Jul 2008|date=July 2008 In fact Harris went to work for Turner when he was sixteen, as he was born in 1845. It was an influential apprenticeship.

In "Mother Tongue", Bill Bryson described Harris as a “painfully shy newsman” who had a pronounced stammer and was very self-conscious about his illegitimate birth.

The contemporary critic H. L. Mencken held a less than favorable view of Harris. He wrote: "Once upon a time a Georgian printed a couple of books that attracted notice, but immediately it turned out that he was little more than an amanuensis for the local blacks--that his works were really the products, not of white Georgia, but of black Georgia. Writing afterward as a white man, he swiftly subsided into the fifth rank." [from "The Sahara of the Bozart"]

Late 20th century Black American writers looked at Harris from different points of view. Alice Walker accused Harris of "stealing a good part of my heritage" in a searing essay called "Uncle Remus, No Friend of Mine". [Alice Walker, "Uncle Remus, No Friend of Mine", "Southern Exposure" 9 (Summer 1981): 29-31.] Toni Morrison wrote a novel called "Tar Baby" based on the folktale recorded by Harris. In interviews, she claimed she learned the story from her family and owed no debt to Harris. Black folklorist Julius Lester holds a somewhat kinder view of Harris. He sees the Uncle Remus stories as important records of black folklore. He has rewritten many of the Harris stories in an effort to elevate the subversive elements over the racist ones.

Apart from "Uncle Remus", Harris wrote several other collections of stories depicting rural life in Georgia including "Free Joe and the Rest of the World".

In 1946, the Walt Disney Company produced a film based on Harris's work, called "Song of the South". While critically and commercially successful during its original release and re-releases, the company has not released it on home video.

The Wren's Nest, Harris' home in Atlanta, Georgia from 1881 until his death in 1908, is maintained as a National Historic Landmark.

Marriage and family

Harris married Mary Esther LaRose.

References

External links

*
* [http://www.geocities.com/oldsayville/brer.htm Robert Roosevelt's Brer Rabbit Stories]
* [http://www.bartleby.com/55/1.html Theodore Roosevelt on Brer Rabbit and his Uncle]
*A Research and Reference Guide. URL:http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap5/harris.html (Jan 3, 2003).
*cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07142b.htm|title=Joel Chandler Harris|work=Catholic Encyclopedia |accessdate=2007-02-18
* [http://www.wrensnestonline.com The Wren's Nest] , Harris's historic home in Atlanta, GA

Persondata
NAME=Harris, Joel Chandler
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=journalist, children's writer
DATE OF BIRTH=December 9,1848
PLACE OF BIRTH=Eatonton, Georgia
DATE OF DEATH=July 3, 1908
PLACE OF DEATH=

Источник: Joel Chandler Harris