Электронная книга: Fitzroy Robert «Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's ships Adventure and Beagle, between the years 1826 and 1836»

Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty's ships Adventure and Beagle, between the years 1826 and 1836

Издательство: "Public Domain"

электронная книга

Скачать бесплатно на Litres

Другие книги автора:

КнигаОписаниеГодЦенаТип книги
Notes on meteorology. Board of trade. 1859Книга представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...2011411бумажная книга

Fitzroy, Robert

▪ British scientist
born July 5, 1805, Ampton Hall, near Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, Eng.
died April 30, 1865, Norwood, Surrey

      British naval officer, hydrographer, and meteorologist who commanded the voyage of HMS Beagle, which sailed around the world with Charles Darwin (Darwin, Charles) aboard as naturalist. The voyage provided Darwin with much of the material on which he based his theory of evolution.

      Fitzroy entered the Royal Navy in 1819 and, after service in the Mediterranean and in South American waters, received command of the 240-ton brig Beagle in 1828. He surveyed the South American coast around Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, returning to England in 1830.

      On Dec. 27, 1831, Fitzroy sailed from Portsmouth in the Beagle with Darwin aboard. The expedition visited the Cape Verde Islands, the South American coast, the Strait of Magellan, the Galápagos Islands, Tahiti, New Zealand, Australia, the Maldives, and Mauritius before returning to England on Oct. 2, 1836. In 1839 Fitzroy published two volumes of Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majesty's Ships Adventure and Beagle Between the Years 1826 and 1836, Describing Their Examination of the Southern Shores of South America, and the Beagle's Circumnavigation of the Globe. A third volume, popularly known as The Voyage of the Beagle, was published by Darwin in 1839.

      A member of Parliament for Durham (1841), Fitzroy became governor of New Zealand in 1843 but was recalled in 1845 largely because he contended that Maori land claims were as valid as those of the settlers. He retired from active duty in 1850 and from 1854 devoted himself to meteorology. He devised a storm warning system that was the prototype of the daily weather forecast, invented a barometer, and published The Weather Book (1863).

      Fitzroy was a strongly religious man. During the 1831–36 voyage, he continually resisted Darwin's growing doubts about special creation and the fixity of species. Interactions with Fitzroy, however, helped Darwin clarify his views about evolution and anticipate many objections to his theory prior to its publication. Fitzroy was present at the famous meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1860 at which T.H. Huxley successfully defended Darwin's Origin of Species from attack by Samuel Wilberforce, the bishop of Oxford. Fitzroy's attempt at that meeting to support Wilberforce against Huxley led to ridicule. His death was by suicide, during a period of mental turmoil, partly induced by the growing success of the idea of evolution.

* * *

Источник: Fitzroy, Robert

См. также в других словарях:

  • The Voyage of the Beagle — This article is about the book. For the expedition, see Second voyage of HMS Beagle. A watercolour by HMS Beagle s draughtsman, Conrad Martens. Painted during the survey of Tierra del Fuego, it depicts the Beagle being hailed by native Fuegians.… …   Wikipedia

  • Second voyage of HMS Beagle — The second voyage of HMS Beagle from 27 December 1831 to 2 October 1836 was the second survey expedition of HMS Beagle , under captain Robert FitzRoy who had taken over command of the ship on its first voyage after her previous captain committed… …   Wikipedia

  • HMS Beagle — was a Cherokee class 10 gun brig sloop of the Royal Navy, named after the beagle, a breed of dog. She was launched on 11 May 1820 from the Woolwich Dockyard on the River Thames, at a cost of £7,803. In July of that year she took part in a fleet… …   Wikipedia

  • HMS Beagle — Para otros usos de este término, véase HMS Beagle (desambiguación). HMS Beagle Sección longitudinal del HMS Beagle en 1832 …   Wikipedia Español

  • HMS Adventure — HMS Adventure. En la Royal Navy, hasta comienzos del siglo XXI, han existido doce buques llamados “Adventure”, el octavo de esta lista fue la nave que comandó Phillip Parker King, entre los años 1826 y 1830. durante la comisión de levantamiento… …   Wikipedia Español

  • El viaje del Beagle — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Este artículo trata sobre un libro. Para la expedición, visita Segundo viaje del HMS Beagle Una acuarela del dibujante de a bordo, Conrad Martens. Pintada durante la estancia en Tierra del Fuego, representa al Beagle …   Wikipedia Español

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»