Электронная книга: Giuseppe Verdi «Ein Maskenball (Un Ballo in Maschera)»
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Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (pronounced|dʒuˈzɛpːe ˈverdi in Italian; October 9 or 10, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic
Early life
Verdi was born the son of
When he was still a child, Verdi's parents moved from
During the mid 1830s, he attended the "Salotto Maffei" salons in
Initial recognition
The production by Milan's
It was while he was working on his second opera, "
A large number of operas - 14 in all - followed in the decade after 1843, a period which Verdi was to describe as his "galley years". These included his "I Lombardi" in 1843, and "
In 1847, "I Lombardi", revised and renamed "Jerusalem", was produced by the "Paris Opera". Due to a number of Parisian conventions that had to be honored (including extensive ballets), it became Verdi's first work in the French
Middle years
Sometime in the mid-1840s, after the death of Margherita Barezzi, Verdi began an affair with
As the "galley years" were drawing to a close, Verdi created one of his greatest masterpieces, "Rigoletto" which premiered in Venice in 1851. Based on a play by
With "Rigoletto", Verdi sets up his original idea of musical drama as a cocktail of heterogeneous elements, embodying social and cultural complexity, and beginning from a distinctive mixture of comedy and tragedy. "Rigoletto"'s musical range includes band-music such as the first scene or the song
There followed the second and third of the three major operas of Verdi's "middle period": in 1853 "
Between 1855 and 1867, an outpouring of great Verdi operas followed, among them such repertory staples as "
".] ] In 1869, Verdi was asked to compose a section for a
Verdi's grand opera, "
In fact, the two composers, who were the leaders of their respective schools of music, seemed to resent each other greatly. They never met. Verdi's comments on Wagner and his music are few and hardly benevolent ("He invariably chooses, unnecessarily, the untrodden path, attempting to fly where a rational person would walk with better results"), but at least one of them is kind: upon learning of Wagner's death, Verdi lamented: "Sad, sad, sad! ... a name that will leave a most powerful impression on the history of art." [citation
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=VawrK1CRFJgC&pg=PA260&lpg=PA260&dq=wagner's+death+verdi&source=web&ots=nFFimEsWY4&sig=AeMWwyeqH5fLTulrbSfy__7UoDc
title=The Lives of the Great Composers
first=Harold C.
last=Schonberg
publisher=W. W. Norton & Company
date=1997
pages=260
isbn=0393038572
accessdate=2008-01-09] Of Wagner's comments on Verdi, only one is well-known. After listening to Verdi's "Requiem", the great German, prolific and eloquent in his comments on some other composers, said, "It would be best not to say anything."
Twilight and Death
During the following years, Verdi worked on revising some of his earlier scores, most notably new versions of "
"
Verdi's last opera, "Falstaff", whose libretto was also by Boito, was based on Shakespeare's "Merry Wives of Windsor" and
In 1894, Verdi composed a short ballet for a French production of "Otello," his last purely orchestral composition. Years later,
In 1897, Verdi completed his last composition, a setting of the traditional Latin text "
While staying at the Grand Hotel et de Milan [ [http://www.grandhoteletdemilan.it/ The hotel's website] contains a brief history of the composer's stay and a few photographs of those days] in
Verdi's role in the Risorgimento
Music historians have long perpetuated a myth about the famous "Va, pensiero"chorus sung in the third act of "
On the other hand, during rehearsals, workmen in the theater stopped what they were doing during "Va, pensiero" and applauded at the conclusion of this haunting melody [Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane p.116] while the growth of the "identification of Verdi's music with Italian nationalist politics" is judged to have begun in the summer 1846 in relation to a chorus from "Ernani" in which the name of one of its characters, "Carlo", was changed to "Pio", a reference to Pope Piux IX's grant to amnesty to political prisoners. [Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane, pp. 188-191]
The myth of Verdi as Risorgimento's composer also reports that the slogan "Viva VERDI" was used throughout Italy to secretly call for "Vittorio Emanuele Re"D
The "Chorus of the Hebrews" (the English title for "Va, pensiero") has another appearance in Verdi folklore. Prior to his body being driven from the cemetery to the official memorial service and its final resting place at the "Casa di Riposo",
tyle
Verdi's predecessors who influenced his music were Rossini, Bellini,
Throughout his career, Verdi rarely utilised the high C in his tenor arias, citing the fact that the opportunity to sing that particular note in front of an audience distracts the performer before and after the note appears. However, he did provide high Cs to "Duprez" in "
Although his
However, it would be incorrect to assume that Verdi underestimated the expressive power of the orchestra or failed to use it to its full capacity where necessary. Moreover, orchestral and
Verdi was one of the first composers who insisted on patiently seeking out plots to suit his particular talents. Working closely with his librettists and well aware that dramatic expression was his forte, he made certain that the initial work upon which the libretto was based was stripped of all "unnecessary" detail and "superfluous" participants, and only characters brimming with passion and scenes rich in drama remained.
Many of his operas, especially the later ones from 1851 onwards, are a staple of the standard repertoire. No composer of Italian opera has managed to match Verdi's popularity, perhaps with the exception of
Verdi's operas
Media
* [http://www.magazzini-sonori.it/esplora_contenuti/autori_esecutori/giuseppe_verdi_1.aspx Giuseppe Verdi: listen to Verdi's music (airs, ouvertures, symphonies)] on [http://www.magazzini-sonori.it/ Magazzini-Sonori] .
* [http://www.classicistranieri.com/dblog/articolo.asp?articolo=5882 Giuseppe Verdi - "Addio del passato" from "La traviata", sung by Adelina Agostinelli, 1913]
Eponyms and other cultural references
* The
*
* Asteroid 3975 VerdiVerdi's name literally translates as "Joseph Green" in English. Musical comedian
References
Further reading
*cite book | last = Budden | first = Julian|authorlink=Julian Budden| year = 1973 | title = The Operas of Verdi, Volume I | edition = 3rd ed |publisher =Oxford University Press | isbn=0198162618
*cite book | last = Budden | first = Julian| year = 1973 | title = The Operas of Verdi, Volume II | edition = 3rd ed | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 0198162626
*cite book | last = Budden | first = J. | year = 1973 | title = The Operas of Verdi, Volume III | edition = 3rd ed | publisher = Oxford University Press |isbn =0198162634
*cite book | last = Kamien | first = R. | year = 1997 | title = Music: an appreciation - student brief | edition = 3rd ed | publisher = McGraw Hill | isbn =0070365210
*cite book | last = Gal | first = H. | year = 1975 | title = Brahms, Wagner, Verdi: drei meister, drei welten | publisher = Fischer | isbn=3100243021
*cite book | last = Martin| first = G. | year = 1963 | title = Verdi: His Music, Life and Times | edition = 1st ed | publisher = Dodd, Mead & Company | isbn=2001456720
*cite encyclopedia | year = 2001 | last = Parker | first = Roger | title = Giuseppe Verdi
encyclopedia = Grove Music Online | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = | id =
*cite encyclopedia | year = 1992 | last = Parker | first = Roger | chapter = Verdi, Giuseppe|title=The
*cite book | last = Phillips-Matz | first = Mary Jane | year = 1993 | title = Verdi: A Biography |edition=1st ed|publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn=0193132044
*citebook |last=Michels|first=Ulrich|year=1992|title=dtv-Atlas zur Musik: Band Zwei|edition= 7th ed|publisher=Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag|isbn=3423030232
On Verdi's life in and around Busseto
*Associazione Amici di Verdi (ed.), "Con Verdi nella sua terra", Busseto, 1997, (in English)
*Maestrelli, Maurizio, "Guida alla Villa e al Parco" (in Italian), publication of Villa Verdi, 2001
*Mordacci, Alessandra, "An Itinerary of the History and Art in the Places of Verdi", Busseto: Busseto Tourist Office, 2001 (in English)
*"Villa Verdi': the Visit" and "Villa Verdi: The Park; the Villa; the Room" (pamphlets in English), publications of the Villa Verdi
External links
* [http://www.giuseppeverdi.it Giuseppe Verdi Official Site]
* [http://www.gresham.ac.uk/event.asp?PageId=45&EventId=569 "Verdi and Milan"] , lecture by
* [http://cylinders.library.ucsb.edu/search.php?query=Verdi%2C+Giuseppe&queryType=%40attr+1%3D1 Verdi cylinder recordings] , from the
* [http://opera.stanford.edu/Verdi/main.html Stanford University list of Verdi operas, premiere locations and dates, etc.]
* [http://www.classicistranieri.com/dblog/articolo.asp?articolo=6146 "I Lombardi alla prima crociata"] MP3 Creative Commons Recording (Italian)
*
* [http://www.bnnonline.it/biblvir/verdi/index.html "Album Verdi" from the Digital Library of the National Library of Naples (Italy)]
* [http://www.zyworld.com/amicidiverdi/Events.htm London Society for Verdi enthusiasts]
* Listen to a free MP3 recording of [http://www.acc.umu.se/~akadkor/cgi-bin/acc_download.cgi/4mp3/Ave%20Maria%20Verdi%203.mp3 Ave Maria ] with [http://www.acc.umu.se/~akadkor/indexENG.html Umeå Akademiska Kör] .
* [http://www.liberliber.it/audioteca/v/verdi/index.htm Free MP3 Verdi's operas]
* [http://www.onclassical.com/artists/fanfoni/verdi/ Free audio MP3] OnClassical - Creative Commons BY-NC-SA, 1.0 - licensed
* [http://www.mariannehofer.ch/downloads/verdi.mp3 Un ballo in Maschera] Soprano (free MP3)
*
*worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-38460
* [http://www.operadis-opera-discography.org.uk Detailed listing of "complete" recordings of Verdi's operas and of extended excerpts.]
Persondata
NAME= Verdi, Giuseppe
ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Verdi, Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Italian
DATE OF BIRTH= October 9/10, 1813
PLACE OF BIRTH=Le Roncole, Italy
DATE OF DEATH= death date|mf=yes|1901|1|27|mf=y
PLACE OF DEATH=Milan, Italy
Источник: Giuseppe Verdi
См. также в других словарях:
Ein Maskenball — Werkdaten Titel: Ein Maskenball Originaltitel: Un ballo in maschera Originalsprache: italienisch Musik: Giuseppe Verdi Libretto: Antonio Somma Literarische V … Deutsch Wikipedia
Un ballo in maschera — Werkdaten Titel: Ein Maskenball Originaltitel: Un ballo in maschera Originalsprache: italienisch Musik: Giuseppe Verdi Libretto … Deutsch Wikipedia
Un Ballo in Maschera — Werkdaten Titel: Ein Maskenball Originaltitel: Un ballo in maschera Originalsprache: italienisch Musik: Giuseppe Verdi Libretto: Antonio Somma Literarische V … Deutsch Wikipedia
Maskenball, Ein — Maskenball, Ein, italienisch »Un ballo in maschera«, Oper von G. Verdi, Text nach E. Scribe von Antonio Somma (* 1809, ✝ 1864); Uraufführung 17. 2. 1859 in Rom … Universal-Lexikon
Maskenball — ist die Bezeichnung von einem Kostümball der deutsche Titel der Oper Un ballo in maschera von Giuseppe Verdi (Ein Maskenball) Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben Wort bez … Deutsch Wikipedia
Der Maskenball — Werkdaten Titel: Ein Maskenball Originaltitel: Un ballo in maschera Originalsprache: italienisch Musik: Giuseppe Verdi Libretto: Antonio Somma Literarische V … Deutsch Wikipedia