Книга: Rachel Corrie «Let Me Stand Alone The Journals of Rachel Corrie»
Производитель: "Неизвестный" Let Me Stand Alone The Journals of Rachel Corrie ISBN:9780393065718 Издательство: "Неизвестный" (2008)
ISBN: 9780393065718 |
Rachel Corrie
Infobox Person
name = Rachel Corrie
image_size = 150px
caption = Rachel Corrie
birth_name = Rachel Corrie
birth_date = birth date|1979|4|10
birth_place =
death_date = death date and age|2003|3|16|1979|4|10
death_place =
death_cause =
resting_place =
resting_place_coordinates =
residence =
nationality = American
other_names =
known_for =
education =
alma_mater = Capital High School, The Evergreen State College (TESC)
employer =
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title =
salary =
networth =
height =
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predecessor =
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party =
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religion =
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children =
parents = Craig Corrie, Cindy Corrie
relatives =
website =
footnotes =
Rachel Corrie ( Early life Raised in Olympia, Activities in Gaza On In e-mails to her family, Corrie described what she witnessed and expressed her frustration over it. On Corrie's death and subsequent controversy On Smith recounted afterward, "We were horribly surprised. They had been careful not to hurt us. They'd always stopped before."url=http://www.israelenews.com/view.asp?ID=1520] Corrie was transported to a Palestinian hospital. Accounts vary as to whether she died at the scene, in the ambulance on the way to the hospital, or at the hospital. The events surrounding Corrie's death are disputed. ISM eyewitnesses assert that the Israeli soldier driving the bulldozer deliberately ran Corrie over twice while she was acting as a The major points of dispute are whether the bulldozer driver saw Corrie, and whether she died after being hit by the blade or by falling debris, or whether she was crushed under the bulldozer tracks or the blade. In an interview the day after Corrie's death, eyewitness Joseph Smith stated, "The driver lost sight of her." Because the Caterpillar D9 The IDF produced a video about Corrie's death that includes footage taken from inside the cockpit of a D9. It makes a "credible case," Joshua Hammer wrote in "Mother Jones", that "the operators, peering out through narrow, double-glazed, bulletproof windows, their view obscured behind pistons and the giant scooper, might not have seen Corrie kneeling in front of them." [http://bsd.motherjones.com/news/feature/2003/09/ma_497_01.html The Death of Rachel Corrie ] ] The website ISM eyewitness accounts An ISM activist who witnessed the accident who gave the name Richard, made the following statement to the Israeli newspaper Ha'aretz [Ha'aretz. [http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=273498&contrassID=2&subContrassID=1&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y American peace activist killed by army bulldozer in Rafah] March 18, 2003] :"There's no way he didn't see her, since she was practically looking into the cabin. At one stage, he turned around toward the building. The bulldozer kept moving, and she slipped and fell off the plow. But the bulldozer kept moving, the shovel above her. I guess it was about 10 or 15 meters that it dragged her and for some reason didn't stop. We shouted like crazy to the driver through loudspeakers that he should stop, but he just kept going and didn't lift the shovel. Then it stopped and backed up. We ran to Rachel. She was still breathing." The following account is from Joe Carr, an ISM activist from :" [Between 13:00 and 13:30, activists] noticed that two Israeli Army bulldozers and one tank [had] entered onto Palestinian civilian property near the border and [were] demolishing farmland and other already damaged structures. The military machine was severely threatening near-by homes, so the 3 activists went up onto the roof of one home, and then called for others to come. :" [Between 13:30 and 14:00] , I arrived, and one of the three activists at [sic] the house joined me on the ground ... [W] e began to disrupt the work of the bulldozers ... At this point, Rachel and the two other activists joined us ... Rachel and a British activist were wearing jackets that were fluorescent orange and had reflective stripping [sic] ... [Between 14:00 and 15:00] , Rachel and two other activists began interfering with the other bulldozer, which was attempting to destroy grass and other plants on what used to be farmland. They stood and sat in its path, and though it would drive very close to them, and even move the earth on which they were sitting, it always stopped in time to avoid injuring them ... [Between 15:00 and 16:00] , one bulldozer pushed Will, an American activist, up against a pile of barbed wire. Fortunately, the bulldozer stopped and withdrew just in time to avoid injuring him seriously, but we had to dig him out of the rubble, and unhook his clothing from the wire. The tank approached to see if he was ok. One soldier stuck his head out of the tank to see, and he looked quite shocked and dumbfounded, but said nothing ... :" [Between 16:45 and 17:00] , [o] ne bulldozer, serial number 949623, began to work near the house of a physician who is a friend of ours ... Rachel sat down in the pathway of the bulldozer ... [It] continued driving forward headed straight for Rachel. When it got so close that it was moving the earth beneath her, she climbed onto the pile of rubble being pushed by the bulldozer. She got so high onto it that she was at eye-level with the cab of the bulldozer ... Despite this, he continued forward, which pulled her legs into the pile of rubble, and pulled her down out of view of the driver ... We ran towards him, and waved our arms and shouted, one activist with the megaphone. But [he] continued forward, until Rachel was underneath the central section of the bulldozer ... Despite the obviousness of her position, the bulldozer began to reverse, without lifting its blade, and drug [sic] the blade over her body again. He continued to reverse until he was on the boarder [sic] strip, about 100 meters away, and left her crushed body in the sand. Three activists ran to her and began administering first-responder medical treatment ... She said, "My back is broken!" but nothing else ..."Fact|date=April 2008 Joe Smith also said: "Rachel had two options. When the bulldozer started to dig in the dirt pile, the pile started to move, and she could have rolled sideways quickly or fallen backwards to avoid being hit. But Rachel leaned forward to climb to the top of the dirt pile. The bulldozer's digging drew her downward, and its driver could not see her anymore. So without lifting the scoop, he turned backward and she was already underneath the blade." [ [http://israelbehindthenews.com/Archives/Mar-21-03.htm#image Israel Resource Review - 21st March, 2003 - Newsletter about Israel,Palestinians,the Middle East,Jerusalem,Gaza,Netanyahu,Peres,Abu Mazen,Wye,Clinton,Albright,PNC,PLO,Fatah,Hamas and a host of other players on the middle-eastern stage ] ] Smith stated in a telephone interview, "The driver lost sight of her and continued forward. Then, without lifting the blade he reversed and Rachel was underneath the mid-section of the dozer, she wasn't run over by the tread." In yet another statement, Smith also stated that the driver picked Corrie up with a pile of dirt, dumped her on the ground, and ran over her twice. ISM activist Tom Dale was standing yards away from Corrie. He told journalist Joshua Hammer, Jerusalem bureau chief for "Newsweek": :"The bulldozer built up earth in front of it. Its blade was slightly dug into the earth. She began to stand up. The earth was pushed over her feet. She tried to climb on top of the earth, to avoid being overwhelmed. She climbed to the point where her shoulders were above the top lip of the blade. She was standing on this pile of earth. As the bulldozer continued, she lost her footing, and she turned and fell down this pile of earth. Then it seemed like she got her foot caught under the blade. She was helpless, pushed prostrate, and looked absolutely panicked, with her arms out, and the earth was piling itself over her. The bulldozer continued so that the place where she fell down was directly beneath the cockpit. I think she would have been between the treads. The whole [incident] took place in about six or seven seconds," ("Mother Jones", Sept-October 2003). Other eyewitness accounts have indicated that Corrie may have been killed at a moment when the driver was looking behind him.-- [ [http://www.forward.com/articles/american-killed-by-israeli-bulldozer-as-civilian/ American Killed By Israeli Bulldozer, As Civilian Deaths Mount - Forward.com" ] ] Autopsy and early investigation An autopsy was performed by an Israeli pathologist, Yehudah Hiss, at the National Center of Forensic Medicine in Tel Aviv, which issued a report on issued on March 20, four days after Corrie's death. The report described how "Rachel's shoulder blades had been crushed, her spine broken in five places and six ribs broken. Her face was apparently slashed by the blade." [John Sweeney. Common Dreams News Service (via Independent/UK), Thursday, October 30, 2003, http://www.commondreams.org/headlines03/1030-05.htm] It concluded that her death was caused by pressure on the chest "from a mechanical apparatus". [Anthony H. Cordesman. "Arab-Israeli Military Forces in an Era of Asymmetric Wars." Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003. ISBN 0275991865. Page 72] An IDF spokesman stated that the initial investigation revealed that the cause of death was most likely a blow to the head and chest by a blunt object, possibly a chunk of cement dug up by the bulldozer. According to a correspondent for Israeli government report The Israeli government promised a "thorough, credible, and transparent investigation". The " :"The driver at no point saw or heard Corrie. She was standing behind debris which obstructed the view of the driver and the driver had a very limited field of vision due to the protective cage he was working in. :"The driver and his commanders were interrogated extensively over a long period of time with the use of polygraph tests and video evidence. They had no knowledge that she was standing in the path of the tractor. An autopsy of Corrie's body revealed that the cause of death was from falling debris and not from the tractor physically rolling over her. It was a tragic accident that never should have happened. :"The International Solidarity Movement, to which Corrie belonged, was directly responsible for illegal behavior and conduct in the area of Corrie's death and their actions directly led to this tragedy." [ [http://www.honestreporting.com/articles/45884734/critiques/Bulldozer_Accident.asp Bulldozer Accident ] ] The Israeli army's report, which was seen by the " In later IDF operations, the house was damaged (a hole was knocked in a wall) and was later destroyed. By that time, the Nasrallah family had moved into a different house. It was reported in 2006 that the house that Corrie tried to protect was rebuilt with funds raised by A spokesman for the IDF told the "Guardian" that, while it did not accept responsibility for Corrie's death, it intended to change its operational procedures to avoid similar incidents in the future. The level of command of similar operations would be raised, said the spokesman, and civilians in the area would be dispersed or arrested before operations began. Observers will be deployed and CCTV cameras will be installed on the bulldozers to compensate for blind spots, which may have contributed to Corrie's death. The IDF gave copies of the report, entitled "The Death of Rachel Corrie," to members of the U.S. Congress in April 2003, and Corrie's family released the document to the media in June 2003, according to the Gannett News Service. [http://www.theolympian.com/home/news/20030614/frontpage/28005.shtml] However, in March 2004, the family maintained that the entire report had not been released, and that only they and two American staffers at the U.S. Embassy in Reaction Corrie's death sparked controversy and led to international media coverage, in part because she was an American, and in part because of the highly politicized nature of the conflict itself. Capt. Jacob Dallal, a spokesman for the Israeli army, called Corrie's death a "regrettable accident" and said that she and the other ISM activists were "a group of protesters who were acting very irresponsibly, putting everyone in danger — the Palestinians, themselves and our forces — by intentionally placing themselves in a combat zone." Amnesty International USA called for an independent inquiry, with Christine Bustany, their advocacy director for the Middle East, saying that "U.S.-made bulldozers have been 'weaponized' and their transfer to Israel must be suspended." [ [http://www.amnestyusa.org/regions/middleeast/document.do?id=DF899DD539B2344385256CEC007008D5 Amnesty International Condemns Killing of Rachel Corrie] . March 17th 2003. Verified 8th May 2008.] There were reports that because she was an American, her death attracted the kind of attention that the deaths of Palestinians fail to garner. " The same article also contains this account: Her photograph has been used in protests, including in Rafah, against Israel's actions in Gaza and the West Bank. On The Artistic tributes In 2004, Alaska composer Philip Munger composed a cantata about Corrie, called "The Skies are Weeping," the fifth movement of which, taking the perspective of a bulldozer driver, was entitled "I Had No Mercy". The work was scheduled for performance at the University of Alaska Anchorage, where Munger, who says he is "sympathetic to the Palestinians", teaches. However, following protests organized by an Anchorage rabbi who described the work as bordering on anti-Semitic and said it "romanticized terrorism" [The Anchorage Press, Amanda Coyne, April 22 - April 28 2004 [http://208.109.242.142/archives/archives-2004/coverstoryvol13ed16.shtml] ] , the performance was cancelled ["Flashpoint Cantata", "Anchorage Daily News", April 25, 2004, available at http://dwb.adn.com/life/story/5003946p-4931783c.html] . " The widespread media coverage of Corrie's death, and the London play in particular, sparked criticism of what British journalist Tom Gross called "the cult of Rachel Corrie." In an article called "The Forgotten Rachels," published in " Australian playwright Ben Ellis wrote "Blindingly Obvious Facts", a 10-minute play comprised of verbatim excerpts of Lawsuits Corrie's family and several Palestinians filed a lawsuit against The ruling was appealed to the Claims were previously filed against the Israel Defense Forces and the Possible attempt by Palestinians to kidnap Corrie's parents On According to Nasrallah, the gunmen were seeking Americans as bargaining chips to secure the release of Alaa al-Hams, a Palestinian militia leader arrested by Palestine intelligence on suspicion of ordering the abduction of British human-rights activist Kate Burton and her parents. [ [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/01/05/wmid105.xml&sSheet=/news/2006/01/05/ixworld.html Kidnap gang threatened parents of peace 'martyr' - Telegraph ] ] [ [http://news.independent.co.uk/world/middle_east/article336553.ece Gunmen bulldoze wall to free accused man - Middle East, World - The Independent ] ] ee also * Footnotes References *Gross, Tom. [http://www.tomgrossmedia.com/TheForgottenRachels.html "The Forgotten Rachels: Anti-Israel propaganda sells out on the London stage"] , "The Spectator", External links * [http://www.rachelcorriefoundation.org Rachel Corrie Foundation for Peace and Justice] Persondata Источник: Rachel Corrie"The desolate sandy stretch is now strewn with the rubble from the demolition of houses which she could not prevent. As the memorial service got under way, the Israeli army sent its own representative. A tank pulled up beside the mourners and sprayed them with tear gas. A bizarre game of cat-and-mouse began as the peace activists chased the tank around to throw flowers on it, and the Israeli soldiers inside threatened, in return, to run them down."
*James Miller - British film-maker shot and killed in Gaza,
*
*Hammer, Joshua. [http://bsd.motherjones.com/news/feature/2003/09/ma_497_01.html "The death of Rachel Corrie"] , "Mother Jones", Sept-October 2003
*Corrie, Rachel. "Letter from Palestine." "Voices of a People's History of the United States". Ed. Howard Zinn and Anthony Arnove. New York:
* [http://www.rachelcorrie.org Rachel Corrie Memorial Page]
* [http://www.rachelswords.org Rachel's Words, a site in support of the play "My Name is Rachel Corrie".]
* [http://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/3735 The Case Against Rachel Corrie]
* [http://rachelcorriefacts.org RachelCorrieFacts.org Seattle based website critical of Corrie and the ISM ]
NAME=Corrie, Rachel
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