Книга: Poul Anderson «The Rebel Worlds. A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows»
The Rebel Worlds / A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows Содержание:The Rebel Worlds, A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows Издательство: "New American Library" (1982) Формат: 105x175, 228 стр.
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Poul Anderson
Infobox Science Fiction Writer
name = Poul Anderson
caption = Poul Anderson on the cover of "F&SF"; painting by
pseudonym = A. A. Craig, Michael Karageorge, Winston P. Sanders, P. A. KingsleyCite web|url=http://www.nightsong.com/filk/twippledop/|title=Tracking Down The First Deliberate Use Of "Filk Song"|accessdate=2007-08-11|author=
birth_date = birth date|1926|11|25
birth_place = Bristol,
death_date = death date and age|2001|7|31|1926|11|25
death_place = Orinda,
occupation = Novelist, short story author
genre =
magnum_opus = "Tau Zero"
debut_works = "Tomorrow's Children", "Chain of Logic"
influences =
influenced =
website =
Poul William Anderson (
Anderson received a degree in physics from the
He was the sixth President of
He was also a member of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America, a loose-knit group of Heroic Fantasy authors founded in the 1960s, some of whose works were anthologized in Lin Carter's "
He was also a founding member of the
He died of cancer on
Political, moral and literary themes
Anderson is probably best known for adventure stories in which larger-than-life characters succeed gleefully or fail heroically. He also wrote some quieter works, generally of shorter length, which appeared more during the latter part of his career. However, Anderson was seldom interested in psychological analysis.
Much of his science fiction is thoroughly grounded in science (with the addition of unscientific but standard speculations such as
pace and liberty
In many stories, Anderson commented on society and politics. Whatever other vicissitudes his views went through, he firmly retained his belief in the direct and inextricable connection between human liberty and expansion into space - for which reason he strongly cried out against any idea of space exploration being "a waste of money" or "unnecessary luxury".
The connection between space flight and freedom is clearly (as is stated explicitly in some of the stories) an extension of the nineteenth-century American concept of the
As he repeatedly expressed in his nonfiction essays, Anderson firmly held that going into space was not an unnecessary luxury but an existential need, and that abandoning space would doom humanity to "a society of brigands ruling over peasants".
This is graphically expressed in the chilling short story "Welcome". In it, humanity has abandoned space and is left with an overcrowded Earth where a small elite not only treats all the rest as chattel slaves, but also regularly practices
Conversely, in the bleak
World government
While horrified by the prospect of the Soviets winning complete rule over the Earth, Anderson was not enthusiastic about having Americans in that role, either. In fact, several stories and books describing the aftermath of a total American victory in the
Interestingly, both Anderson's depiction of a Soviet-dominated world and that of an American-dominated one mention a rebellion breaking out in
In the early years of the
In later years Anderson completely repudiated this idea (a half-humorous remnant is the beginning of "
Libertarianism
Instead of a world government, the above-mentioned "Shield" resolves the problem of an American-dominated world dictatorship in a truly
Anderson often returned to
Beginning in the 1970s, Anderson's historically grounded works were influenced by the theories of the historian
The writer
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict
A nonfiction essay that is embedded in "There Will Be Time" and attributed to the book's fictional protagonist, but seems to reflect Anderson's own views, sharply criticizes the American Left of 1972 (when it was written) for two instances of a
References to the
Thus, in the story "Ivory, and Apes, and Peacocks", the Time Patrol's resident agents in the Tyre of
The aggressive mutants of Dromm in "
"
There is in this context a short reappearance of Gunnar Heim, the protagonist of "Star Fox". In the earlier book, Heim personally, as a privateer waging an undeclared war on the Aleriona, forced a reluctant Earth into an all-out war - which Heim felt was needed since the Aleriona were ideologically committed to the universal conquest of everybody else (apparently, in this context, the analogue of
In a related story, a group of isolated humans had been living for several generations on an alien planet, on extremely good terms with its non-human inhabitants and without the slightest conflict with them. Nevertheless, the captain of an arriving Earth ship forces them at gunpoint to leave the planet, stating: "Can you speak for your grandchildren and for their grandchildren, for generations which will grow more and more numerous and need more and more land? When my ancestors arrived in Palestine, they did not intend to despose the local Arabs and drive them into refugee camps - but in the end, that's what they did." (The captain's family name is "Ben Yehuda" - the name of the noted Zionist linguist
This is a typical example of Anderson's frequent motif of a tragic conflict - a story with no villains at all, with all protagonists having the best of good intentions and still forced into bitter conflict.
Fairness to the adversaries
In his numerous books and stories depicting conflict in science-fictional or fantasy settings, Anderson takes trouble to make both sides' points of view comprehensible. Even where there can be no doubt as to whose side the author is on, the antagonists are usually not depicted as villains but as honourable on their own terms. The reader is given access to their thoughts and feelings, and they have often a tragic dignity in defeat. Typical examples are "
A common theme in Anderson's works, and one with obvious origins in the Northern European legends, is that doing the "right" (wisest) thing often involves performing actions that, at face value, seem dishonorable, illegal, destructive, or downright evil. "The Man who Counts", Nicholas van Rijn is "The Man" because he is prepared to be tyrannical and callously manipulative so that he and his companions can survive. In "High Treason" the protagonist disobeys orders and betrays his subordinates to prevent a war crime that would bring severe retribution upon Humanity. In "A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows", Dominic Flandry first (effectively) lobotomizes his own son and then bombards the home planet of the Chereionite race in order to do his duty and prop up the Terran empire. These actions affect their characters in different ways, and dealing with the repercussions of having done the "right" (but unpleasant) thing is often the major focus of his short stories. The general lesson seems to be that guilt is the penalty for action.
In "Star Fox", a relationship of grudging respect is built up between the hero, space privateer Gunnar Heim, and his enemy Cynbe — an exceptionally gifted member of the Alerione, trained from a young age to understand his species' human enemies to the point of being alienated from his own kind. In the final scene, Cynbe challenges Heim to a space battle which only one of them would survive. Heim accepts, whereupon Cynbe says, "I thank you, my brother."
Underestimating "primitives" as a costly mistake
Anderson set much of his work in the past, often with the addition of magic, or in alternate or future worlds that resemble past eras. A specialty was his ancestral
In many stories, a representative of a technologically advanced society underestimates "primitives" and pays a high price for it. In "
Anderson wrote "
Tragic conflicts
The story told in "
In "
In "The Pirate", the hero is duty-bound to deny a band of people from societies blighted by poverty the chance for a new start on a new planet — because their settling the planet would eradicate the remnants of the artistic and articulate beings who lived there before. A similar theme but with much higher stakes appears in "Sister Planet": although
In "
Awards
*Gandalf Grand Master (1978)
*
*John W. Campbell Memorial Award (2000)
*
*
*
*SFWA Grand Master Award (1997)
Partial bibliography (book-length works only)
cience fiction
Hoka
*"
*"Star Prince Charlie" (1975) with Gordon R. Dickson
*"
Reissued by
*"
*"
*"Star Ways" (also known as "The Peregrine") (1956)
*"The Snows of Ganymede" (1958)
*"Virgin Planet" (1959)
*"The Psychotechnic League" (1981)
*"Cold Victory" (1982)
*"Starship" (1982)
Tomorrow's Children
*"Tomorrow's Children" (1947) with F. N. Waldrop
*"Chain of Logic" (1947)
Technic History
Polesotechnic League period of
(by internal chronology):
*"War of the Wing-Men" (original book publication heavily edited; author's preferred text [and title] later issued as "The Man Who Counts") (1958)
*"Trader to the Stars" (1964) (
**"Hiding Place" (1961)
**"Territory" (1961)
**"The Master Key" (1971)
*"The Trouble Twisters" (features David Falkayn, not Van Rijn) (1966), collects:
**"The Three-Cornered Wheel" (1963)
**"A Sun Invisible" (1966)
**"The Trouble Twisters" (also known as "Trader Team") (1965)
*"Satan's World" (1969)
*"The Earth Book of Stormgate" (many stories do not feature Van Rijn) (1978). It collects:
**"Wings of Victory" (1972)
**"The Problem of Pain" (1973)
**"How to be Ethnic in One Easy Lesson" (1974)
**"Margin of Profit" (1956)
**"Esau" (also known as "Birthright") (1970)
**"The Season of Forgiveness" (1973)
**"The Man Who Counts" (first appearance of the unedited version of "War of the Wing-Men") (1958)
**"A Little Knowledge" (1971)
**"Day of Burning" (also known as "Supernova") (1967)
**"
**"Wingless" (also known as "Wingless on Avalon") (1973)
**"Rescue on Avalon" (1973)
*"Mirkheim" (1977)
*"The People of the Wind" (does not feature Falkayn or Van Rijn) (1973)
Terran Empire period of
(by internal chronology):
*"Ensign Flandry" (1966)
*"A Circus of Hells" (1970)
*"The Rebel Worlds" (1969)
*"The Day of Their Return" (does not feature Flandry) (1973)
*"Agent of the Terran Empire" (1965), collects:
**"Tiger by the Tail" (1951)
**"The Warriors From Nowhere (1954)
**"Honorable Enemies" (1951)
**"Hunters of the Sky Cave" (also known as "A Handful of Stars" and "We Claim These Stars") (1959)
*"Flandry of Terra" (1965), collects:
**"The Game of Glory" (1958)
**"A Message in Secret" (also known as "Mayday Orbit") (1959)
**"The Plague of Masters" (also known as "A Plague of Masters" and "Earthman, Go Home!") (1960)
*"A Knight of Ghosts and Shadows" (1974)
*"A Stone in Heaven" (1979)
*"The Game of Empire" (features a daughter of Flandry) (1985)
*"The Long Night" (features a Dark Age after Flandry's era) (1983), collects:
**"The Star Plunderer" (1952)
**"Outpost of Empire" (1967)
**"A Tragedy of Errors" (1967)
**"The Sharing of Flesh" (1968) (Hugo, Nebula)
**"Starfog" (1967)
*"Let the Spacemen Beware" (also known as "The Night Face", does not feature Flandry) (1963)
Time Patrol
* 1. "Time Patrol" (1955)
* 2. "Brave to be a King" (1959)
* 3. "Gibraltar Falls" (1975)
* 4. "The Only Game in Town" (1960)
* 5. "
* 6. "Ivory, and Apes, and Peacocks" (1983)
* 7. "The Sorrow of Odin the Goth" (1983)
* 8. "Star of the Sea" (1991)
* 9. "The Year of the Ransom" (1988)
*10. "The Shield of Time" (1990)
*11. "Death and the Knight" (1995)
The shorter works in the series have been collected numerous times over the years, in "Guardians of Time" (1960, contains 1, 2, 4 and 5; expanded 1981 edition adds 3), "Time Patrolman" (1983, contains 6 and 7), "Annals of the Time Patrol" (1983, contains 1-7), "The Time Patrol" (1991, contains 1-9), and "Time Patrol" (2006, contains 1-9 and 11).
History of Rustum
*"
*"
Maurai
*"
*"
Kith
The Kith, a persecuted starfaring civilization, is featured in::*"Ghetto" (1954):*"The Horn of Time the Hunter" (also known as "Homo Aquaticus", 1963):*The novel "Starfarers" (1998)
Harvest of Stars
*"Harvest of Stars" (1993)
*"The Stars Are Also Fire" (1994) (
*"Harvest the Fire" (1995)
*"The Fleet of Stars" (1997)
Other novels
*"Vault of the Ages" (1952)
*"
*"
*"No World of Their Own" (1955)
*"The Long Way Home" (1958)
*"Perish by the Sword" (1959)
*"War of Two Worlds" (1959)
*"The Enemy Stars" (also known as "'We have fed our sea—'") (1959)
*"
*"Murder in Black Letter" (1960)
*"Twilight World" (1961)
*"
*"The Makeshift Rocket" (1962) (expansion of "A Bicycle Built for Brew")
*"Murder Bound" (1962)
*"Shield" (1963)
*"Three Worlds to Conquer" (1964)
*"The Corridors of Time" (1965)
*"The Star Fox" (1965) (
*"The Fox, the Dog and the Griffin: A Folk Tale Adapted from the Danish of C. Molbeck" (1966)
*"World Without Stars" (1966)
*"
*"The Byworlder" (1971)
*"The Dancer from Atlantis" (1971)
*"There Will Be Time" (1972):NOTE: One of the characters in this novel, Leonce, is from the Maurai culture, as noted in the book. She is from a much earlier era than the Maurai stories, however.
*"
*"Inheritors of Earth" (1974) with Gordon Eklund
*"The Winter of the World" (1975)
*"The Avatar" (1978)
*"The Demon of Scattery" (1979) with Mildred Downey Broxon
*"The Devil's Game" (1980)
*"
*"The Saturn Game" (1989)
*"
*"War of the Gods" (1997)
*"Genesis" (2000) (John W. Campbell Memorial Award)
*"Mother of Kings" (2001)
*"For Love and Glory" (2003)
Collections
*"Orbit Unlimited" (1961)
*"Strangers from Earth" (1961)
*"Twilight World" (1961)
*"Un-Man and Other Novellas" (1962)
*"
*"The Fox, the Dog, and the Griffin" (1966)
*"The Horn of Time" (1968)
*"Beyond the Beyond" (1969)
*"Seven Conquests" (1969)
*"Tales of the Flying Mountains" (1970)
*"The Queen of Air and Darkness and Other Stories" (1973)
*"The Worlds of Poul Anderson" (1974)
*"The Many Worlds of Poul Anderson" (also known as "The Book of Poul Anderson") (1974) — Edited by Roger Elwood
*"Homeward and Beyond" (1975)
*"The Best of Poul Anderson" (1976)
*"Homebrew" (1976)
*"The Night Face & Other Stories" (1979)
*"The Dark Between the Stars" (1981)
*"Explorations" (1981)
*"Fantasy" (1981)
*"The Guardians of Time" (1981)
*"Winners" (1981) (a collection of Anderson's Hugo-winners)
*"Cold Victory" (1982)
*"The Gods Laughed" (1982)
*"New America" (1982)
*"Starship" (1982)
*"The Winter of the World / The Queen of Air and Darkness" (1982)
*"Conflict" (1983)
*"The Long Night" (1983)
*"Past Times" (1984)
*"The Unicorn Trade" (1984) with Karen Anderson
*"Dialogue With Darkness" (1985)
*"Space Folk" (1989)
*"The Shield of Time" (1990)
*"Alight in the Void" (1991)
*"The Armies of Elfland" (1991)
*"
*"Kinship with the Stars" (1991)
*"All One Universe" (1996)
*"Going for Infinity"
Fantasy
King of Ys
*"Roma Mater" (1986) with Karen Anderson
*"Gallicenae" (1987) with Karen Anderson
*"Dahut" (1987) with Karen Anderson
*"The Dog and the Wolf" (1988) with Karen Anderson
Operation Otherworld
*"Operation Chaos" (1971)
*"
*"Operation Otherworld" (1999) - omnibus containing "Operation Chaos" and "Operation Luna"
Other novels
*"
*"
*"
*"
*"The Merman's Children" (1979)
*"
*"War of the Gods" (1997)
Historical novels
The Last Viking
*"The Golden Horn" (1980) with Karen Anderson
*"The Road of the Sea Horse" (1980) with Karen Anderson
*"The Sign of the Raven" (1980) with Karen Anderson
Other novels
*"The Golden Slave" (1960) - Historical novel
*"Rogue Sword" (1960) - Historical novel
Anthologies
*"Nebula Award Stories Four" (1969)
*"The Day the Sun Stood Still" (1972) with Gordon R. Dickson and Robert Silverberg
*"A World Named Cleopatra" (1977)
Non-Fiction
*"Is There Life on Other Worlds?" (1963)
Fictional appearances
Philip K. Dick's story
References
*cite book|author=Miesel, Sandra |title=Against Time's Arrow: The High Crusade of Poul Anderson|publisher=Borgo Press|year=1978|id=ISBN 0-89370-124-6
*cite book | last=Tuck | first=Donald H. | authorlink=Donald H. Tuck | title=The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy | location=Chicago | publisher=Advent | pages=8-10| date=1974|id=ISBN 0-911682-20-1
External links
*isfdb name|id=Poul_Anderson|name=Poul Anderson
* [http://freesfonline.de/authors/andersonp.html Poul Anderson's online fiction] at [http://freesfonline.de/ Free Speculative Fiction Online]
* [http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/a/poul-anderson/ Bio, bibliography and book covers] at FantasticFiction
*
* [http://www.sfwa.org/news/panderson.htm Obituary and tributes] from the
* [http://www.sfwa.org/writing/thud.htm On Thud and Blunder] , an essay by Anderson on fantasy fiction, from the SFWA
* [http://www.zen118085.zen.co.uk/timetravelandpoulanderson.htm Time Travel and Poul Anderson] , by Dr Paul Shackley
* [http://www.zen118085.zen.co.uk/poulandersonsfuturehistories.htm Poul Anderson's Future Histories] , by Dr Paul Shackley
* [http://dpsinfo.com/williamtenn/poulanderson.html Poul Anderson] , an essay by
* [http://www.sca.org The Society for Creative Anachronism] , of which Poul Anderson was a founding member
* [http://www.fantasyliterature.net/andersonpoul.html The King of Ys review at FantasyLiterature.net]
Источник: Poul Anderson
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