Книга: Kurt Tucholsky «Haben. Sein. Und gelten»
Kurt Tucholsky (1890 geboren in Berlin, 1935 gestorben im schwedischen Exil) war nicht nur ein streitbarer Pazifist und begnadeter Polemiker, der scharfsinnige Publizist der Weimarer Republik war auch ein grosser Poet und Verseschmied. Mit wunderbarer Leichtigkeit hat er mit Schloss Gripsholm eine der amusantesten Liebesgeschichten deutscher Sprache geschrieben. Die Grenze zwischen Lachen und Weinen war bei Kurt Tucholsky fliessend. Sie ist es auch in diesem Auswahlband geblieben, der einige seiner schonsten Gedichte und Chansons mit den von Gerhard Gluck gemalten Bildern in einen heiteren Dialog treten lasst: Komische Kunst in Wort und Bild - Satire vom Feinsten! Издательство: "Lappan" (2013) Формат: 195x245, 64 стр.
ISBN: 978-3-8303-6243-2 Купить за 425.7 руб на Озоне |
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Kurt Tucholsky
Kurt Tucholsky (
Tucholsky was one of the most important journalists of the
Tucholsky's life
Youth, school and university
Kurt Tucholsky's parents' house, where he was born on
While Tucholsky's relationship with his mother was strained throughout his life, he loved and respected his father. However, in 1905, Alex Tucholsky died as a result of
Kurt Tucholsky started school at the French Grammar School (das Französische Gymnasium) in 1899. In 1903 he transferred to the Königliche Wilhelms-Gymnasium, but he left there in 1907 to prepare for his
When he was at university, Tucholsky's main interest remained that of
:"... a wholly consistent person of 21. From the controlled and powerful swing of his walking stick which gives a youthful lift to his shoulders to the deliberate delight in and contempt for his own literary works. Wants to be a criminal defence lawyer, ..."
Yet, despite his later doctorate, Tucholsky never went on to a legal career: his inclination towards literature and
First successes as a writer
While he was still at school, Tucholsky had already written his first articles as a journalist. The weekly satirical magazine "
With "Rheinsberg - ein Bilderbuch für Verliebte" ("Rheinsberg - a Picture Book for Lovers") in 1912, Tucholsky published a tale in which he adopted a fresh and playful tone (which was unusual for that time) and which made him known to a wider audience for the first time. In order to support the sales of the book, Tucholsky and Szafranski, who had illustrated the tale, opened a "Book Bar" on
In comparison, the involvement that Tucholsky began at the start of 1913 was to be much more long-lasting. On
oldier in World War I
The beginning of Tucholsky's journalistic career was interrupted by the outbreak of
:"For three and a half years I dodged the war as much as I could. (...) I used many means not to get shot and not to shoot - not even the worst means. But I would have used all
(Ignaz Wrobel, "Wo waren Sie im Kriege, Herr -?" ("Where were you in the war, Mr -?") in "Die Weltbühne";
These means, in part, did not lack a certain comic effect as emerges in a letter to Mary Gerold:
:"One day for the march I received this heavy old gun. A gun? And during a war? Never, I thought to myself. And leaned it against a hut. And walked away. But that stood out even in our group at that time. I don't know now how I got away with it, but somehow it worked. And so I got by unarmed."
(Kurt Tucholsky, "Unser ungelebtes Leben. Briefe an Mary." ("Our Unlived Life. Letters to Mary."); Reinbek, 1982; p. 247)
His encounter with the
Although Tucholsky still took part in a contest for the 9th
Battle for the Republic
In December 1918, Tucholsky took on the role of editor-in-chief of "Ulk" which he held until April 1920. "Ulk" was the weekly satirical supplement of
He again worked regularly for "Die Weltbühne" at that time. In order not to make the left-democratic weekly paper seem too "Tucholsky-heavy", he had already created three
In the immediate post-war period came a chapter of Tucholsky's life little worthy of praise: his short-term but well-paid work for the
At the time, however, Tucholsky had also not ceased writing in left-wing publications to defend the democratic
:"We must take the blame for the trouble a degenerate
("Militaria: Offizier und Mann" ("Militaria: Officer and Man"), in "Die Weltbühne";
Tucholsky denounced equally strongly the many political
:"The German political murder of the past four years is schematically and tightly organised. (...) Everything is certain from the outset: incentives from anonymous financial backers, the deed (always from behind), sloppy investigation, lazy excuses, a few phrases, pitiful skiving, lenient punishments, suspension of sentences, privileges - "Carry on!" (...) That is not bad justice. That is not poor justice. That is not
("Prozeß Harden" ("Harden Trial") in "Die Weltbühne";
Tucholsky also did not hold back in his criticism of democratic politicians, who he believed were too lenient with their opponents. After Foreign Secretary
Tucholsky's actions did not stop at writing - he was also directly politically active. He was one of the founders of the "Peaceful League of Combatants" ("Friedensbund der Kriegsteilnehmer") and was active in the
:"Mr Rudolf Hilferding was dispatched by the Imperial Federation to the editorial office of the "Freiheit" to fight social democracy. Within two years he managed to run down the dangerous newspaper so much that we can no longer describe it either as a newspaper or dangerous."
("Dienstzeugnisse", in "Die Weltbühne", 3 March 1925, p. 329)
Tucholsky took the
:"And above them all this president is enthroned, a man who threw his beliefs out of the window at the very moment that he became able to put them into practice."
At the worst point of
In 1924 there were also great changes in Tucholsky's private life. In February 1924 he divorced the doctor Else Weil, whom he had married in May 1920. On
Between France and Germany
Just like his role model
Upon Siegfried Jacobsohn's death in December 1926, Tucholsky immediately agreed to take over his job at the head of the "Weltbühne". However, working as a "directing editor of headlines" did not suit him, and he would have had to return to Berlin permanently, so shortly afterwards, he handed over the position to his colleague and friend
In 1927 and 1928 Tucholsky brought out his
During his time abroad, once more Tucholsky was taken to court by political opponents who felt insulted or under attack by his writing. In 1928 a case was even brought against him for
In 1928, Kurt and Mary Tucholsky (née Gerold) finally divorced. Tucholsky had met Lisa Matthias the year before and now went on holiday with her to
His work "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles", a piece of social criticism produced with graphic designer
:"We have just written "no" on 225 pages, "no" out of sympathy and "no" out of love, "no" out of hate and "no" out of passion - and now we would like to say "yes" for once. "Yes" - to the countryside and the country of Germany. The country where we were born and whose language we speak. (...)
And now I would like to tell you something: it is not true that all those who call themselves 'national' and who are nothing but gentrified militants have taken out a lease on this country and its language just for them. Germany is not just a government representative in his tailcoat, nor is it a headmaster, nor is it the ladies and gentlemen of the steel helmets. We are here too. (...)
Germany is a divided country. We are one part of it. And whatever the situation, we quietly love our country - unshakably, without a flag, or a street organ, no sentimentality and no drawn sword."
("Heimat", in "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles", Berlin 1929, p. 226)
Relapse into silence
At the beginning of the 1930s it became clear to Tucholsky that his warnings were falling on deaf ears, and that his actions in favour of the Republic, for
In 1930 Tucholsky finally moved permanently to the Swedish town of
As Tucholsky lived abroad, no action was brought in against him. Nonetheless, he considered travelling to Germany for the trial, as at the time Ossietzky was already in prison because of the aviation article. But the situation was too risky for Tucholsky; he was afraid of falling into the hands of the Nazis., even though he realised that his failure to appear would not leave a good impression. Writing to Mary Gerold, he referred to the final scene of "
A few days before his death, Tucholsky wrote that he regretted the decision he had made in 1932: :"But in Oss' case I didn't even come, I failed him then, it was a mixture of laziness, cowardice, disgust, contempt - and I should have gone. I know that it would not have helped in the slightest, that we would certainly both have been sentenced, that I might have fallen into the clutches of these animals; but a trace of consciousness of my own guilt still remains."
(letter to the woman Hedwig Müller,
From 1931 Tucholsky's voice was to be heard less and less often in the press. His resigned attitude had been worsened by the end of his relationship with Lisa Matthias, a close friend's death and a chronic nasal ailment. His last major piece was published on
Tucholsky was increasingly losing the strength to write longer literary forms. He presented the
From 1960 Tucholsky's letters came into publication, giving an insight into the last years of his life and his thoughts on the developments in Germany and Europe. Some of the letters were to friends such as
Neither did Tucholsky subscribe to the view held by many
Tucholsky refused outright to join the developing group of exiled writers. For a start, he did not consider himself an
In reality, however, he was not yet finished with everything, and in fact did take an interest in the developments in Germany and Europe. To back up Ossietzky in prison, he considered stepping back into the public eye. Shortly before his death, he had plans to get even with the Norwegian poet
Weakened by the chronic illness, on the evening of
In the summer of 1936 Kurt Tucholsky's ashes were buried under an oak tree near
English editions and books
* Grenville, Bryan P.: "Kurt Tucholsky: The Ironic Sentimentalist." London 1981.
* Poor, Harold Lloyd: "Kurt Tucholsky and the ordeal of Germany, 1914-1935." New York 1968.
* Tucholsky, Kurt: "Castle Gripsholm. A Summer Story." Overlook Press. New York 1988.
* Tucholsky, Kurt: "Germany? Germany": a Kurt Tucholsky Reader." With translations by Harry Zohn, Karl F. Ross and Louis Golden. Manchester 1990
* Tucholsky, Kurt: "What if - ?; Satirical writings of Kurt Tucholsky." Translated by Harry Zohn and Karl F. Ross. New York 1967 (1968).
References
*This article draws heavily on the corresponding article in the German Wikipedia, retrieved April 24, 2005.
External links
* [http://www.tucholsky-gesellschaft.de/ Kurt Tucholsky-Gesellschaft ] at www.tucholsky-gesellschaft.de (in German)
* [http://german.about.com/library/bltucholsky.htm Authors: Kurt Tucholsky - German Language ] at german.about.com (biography in English)
* [http://kurttucholsky.blogspot.com Kurt Tucholsky ] at blogspot.com (English translations of Tucholsky)
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=9580228 Kurt Tucholsky's Gravesite]
Persondata
NAME= Tucholsky, Kurt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=German
DATE OF BIRTH=
PLACE OF BIRTH=
DATE OF DEATH=
PLACE OF DEATH=
Источник: Kurt Tucholsky
См. также в других словарях:
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Gelten (2) — 2. Gêlten, verb. irreg. ich gelte, du gilst, er gilt; Imperf. ich galt, im gemeinen Leben ich golt; Mittelw. gegolten; Imperat. gilt. Es kommt in doppelter Gestalt vor. 1. * Als ein Activum, wiedergeben, so wohl die Sache selbst wiedergeben, als… … Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart
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