Электронная книга: Robert Boyle «A defence of natural and revealed religion. Vol. 1»
Полный вариант заголовка: «A defence of natural and revealed religion : Vol. 1 : being an abridgment of the sermons : in 4 volumes / preached at the lecture founded by the Hon-ble Robert Boyle ; by Bentley, Kidder, Williams [и др.] ; with a general index by Gilbert Burnet». Издательство: "Библиотечный фонд" (1737)
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Robert Boyle
Infobox_Scientist
name = Robert Boyle
caption = Robert Boyle
birth_date = 25 January 1627
birth_place =
death_date = 30 December 1691 (aged 64)
death_place =
field =
work_institution =
known_for = Study of physical properties of gases
Study of the concept of an element
Robert Boyle bdd|January|25|1627|December|30|1691 was a
Early years
Robert Boyle was born in
Middle years
Boyle returned to England from the Continent in mid 1644 with a keen interest in science. [See biographies of Robert Boyle at [http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=522] , [http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Boyle.html] , [http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Boyle.html] and [http://books.google.ie/books?id=fjDXtalPeesC&pg=PT24&lpg=PT24&dq=+minority+%22robert+boyle%22+continent&source=web&ots=0GoWnMtkTE&sig=w5L_P2i0E6hYobZE7vm9LffWYN4&hl=en] .] His father had died the previous year and had left him the manor of
An account of Boyle's work with the air pump was published in 1660 under the title "New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching the Spring of the Air, and its Effects...". Among the critics of the views put forward in this book was a Jesuit,
However, the person that originally formulated the hypothesis was Henry Power in 1661. Boyle included a reference to a paper written by Power, but mistakenly attributed it to Richard Townley. In continental Europe the hypothesis is sometimes attributed to
last = Brush
first = Stephen G.
title = The Kinetic Theory of Gases: An Anthology of Classic Papers with Historical Commentary
publisher =
series = History of Modern Physical Sciences Vol 1
year = 2003
isbn = 1860943489 ] In 1663 the Invisible College became the
It was during his time at Oxford that Boyle was a "Chevalier". The Chevaliers are thought to have been established by royal order a few years before Boyle's time at Oxford. The period of Boyle's residence was marked by the reactionary actions of the victorious parliamentarian forces, consequently this period marked the most secretive period of Chevalier movements and thus little is known about Boyle's involvement beyond his membership.
In 1668 he left Oxford for
Later years
In 1689 his health, never very strong, began to fail seriously and he gradually withdrew from his public engagements, ceasing his communications to the Royal Society, and advertising his desire to be excused from receiving guests, "unless upon occasions very extraordinary", on Tuesday and Friday forenoon, and Wednesday and Saturday afternoon. In the leisure thus gained he wished to "recruit his spirits, range his papers", and prepare some important chemical investigations which he proposed to leave "as a kind of Hermetic legacy to the studious disciples of that art", but of which he did not make known the nature. His health became still worse in 1691, and he died on 30 December that year, just a week after that of the sister with whom he had lived for more than twenty years. He was buried in the churchyard of
cientific investigator
Boyle's great merit as a scientific investigator is that he carried out the principles which Francis Bacon preached in the "
Boyle was an alchemist; and believing the of metals to be a possibility, he carried out experiments in the hope of effecting it; and he was instrumental in obtaining the repeal, in 1689, of the statute of Henry IV against multiplying
Besides being a busy natural philosopher, Boyle devoted much time to
In person Boyle was tall, slender and of a pale countenance. His constitution was far from robust, and throughout his life he suffered from feeble health and low spirits. While his scientific work procured him an extraordinary reputation among his contemporaries, his private character and virtues, the charm of his social manners, his wit and powers of conversation, endeared him to a large circle of personal friends. He was never married. His writings are exceedingly voluminous, and his style is clear and straightforward, though undeniably verbose. [Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)]
Important works
The following are the more important of his works:
* 1660 – New Experiments Physico-Mechanical: Touching the Spring of the Air and their Effects
* 1661 –
* 1663 – Considerations touching the Usefulness of Experimental Natural Philosophy (followed by a second part in 1671)
* 1663 – Experiments and Considerations upon Colours, with Observations on a Diamond that Shines in the Dark
* 1665 – New Experiments and Observations upon Cold
* 1666 – Hydrostatical Paradoxes
* 1666 – Origin of Forms and Qualities according to the Corpuscular Philosophy
* 1669 – a continuation of his work on the spring of air
* 1670 – tracts about the Cosmical Qualities of Things, the Temperature of the Subterraneal and Submarine Regions, the Bottom of the Sea, &c. with an Introduction to the History of Particular Qualities
* 1672 – Origin and Virtues of Gems
* 1673 – Essays of the Strange Subtilty, Great Efficacy, Determinate Nature of Effluviums
* 1674 – two volumes of tracts on the Saltiness of the Sea,
* 1676 – Experiments and Notes about the Mechanical Origin or Production of Particular Qualities, including some notes on electricity and magnetism
* 1678 – Observations upon an artificial Substance that Shines without any Preceding Illustration
* 1680 – the Aerial Noctiluca
* 1682 – New Experiments and Observations upon the Icy Noctiluca
* 1682 – a further continuation of his work on the air
* 1684 – Memoirs for the Natural History of the Human Blood
* 1685 – Short Memoirs for the Natural Experimental History of
* 1686 – [http://books.google.com/books?id=k5muNiPfRY4C A Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Received Notion of Nature]
* 1690 – Medicina Hydrostatica
* 1691 – Experimentae et Observationes Physicae
Among his religious and philosophical writings were:
* 1648/1660 – Seraphic Love, written in 1648, but not published till 1660
* 1663 – an Essay upon the Style of the Holy Scriptures
* 1664 – Excellence of Theology compared with Natural Philosophy
* 1665 – Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects, which was ridiculed by Swift in A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick, and by Butler in An Occasional Reflection on Dr Charlton's Feeling a Dog's Pulse at Gresham College
* 1675 – Some Considerations about the Reconcileableness of Reason and Religion, with a Discourse about the Possibility of the Resurrection
* 1687 – The Martyrdom of Theodora And Didymus
* 1690 –
ee also
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Notes
Further reading
* Stephen Shapin and Simon Schaffer, "
* Lawrence Principe, "The Aspiring Adept: Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest"
Boyle's published works online
* The Sceptical Chymist: [http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/collections/science/boyle/chymist/ University of Pennsylvania Library] , [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/22914 Project Gutenberg]
* [http://www.farlang.com/gemstones/boyle-virtue-gems/page_001 Essay on the Virtue of Gems] Gem and Diamond Foundation
* Experiments Touching Colours: [http://www.farlang.com/gemstones/boyle-experiments-colours/page_001 Gem and Diamond Foundation] , [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/14504 Project Gutenberg]
* [http://www.bbk.ac.uk/boyle/boyle_papers/boylepapers_index.htm Boyle Papers] University of London
External links
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* [http://archive.museophile.org/ox/univ-col/boyle-hooke.html Robert Boyle and Robert Hooke]
* [http://www.bbk.ac.uk/boyle/ Robert Boyle Project, Birkbeck, University of London]
* [http://www.robert-boyle.co.uk The Boyle's Educational Foundation]
* [http://cogweb.ucla.edu/EarlyModern/Boyle_1661.html Summary juxtaposition of Boyle's "The Sceptical Chymist" and his "The Christian Virtuoso"]
* [http://www.asa3.org/ASA/topics/Bible-Science/PSCF3-1997Woodall.html The Relationship between Science and Scripture in the Thought of Robert Boyle]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=nsrrMF81RHEC Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest : Including Boyle's "Lost" Dialogue on the Transmutation of Metals] ,
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Источник: Robert Boyle
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