Электронная книга: Hugh Blair «Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres. Vol. 1»
Полный вариант заголовка: «Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres : Vol. 1 : in 3 volumes / by Hugh Blair». Издательство: "Библиотечный фонд" (1801)
электронная книга Скачать бесплатно на Litres |
Другие книги автора:
Книга | Описание | Год | Цена | Тип книги |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres. Vol. 3 | Полный вариант заголовка: «Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres : Vol. 3 : in 3 volumes / by Hugh Blair» — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres. Vol. 2 | Полный вариант заголовка: «Lectures on rhetoric and belles lettres : Vol. 2 : in 3 volumes / by Hugh Blair» — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Sermons. Vol. 2 | Примечание: Проповеди. Полный вариант заголовка: «Sermons : Vol. 2 : in 5 volumes / by Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of the High Church, and professor of… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Sermons. Vol. 3 | Примечание: Проповеди. Полный вариант заголовка: «Sermons : Vol. 3 : in 5 volumes / by Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of the High Church, and professor of… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Sermons. Vol. 4 | Примечание: Проповеди. Полный вариант заголовка: «Sermons : Vol. 4 : in 5 volumes / by Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of the High Church, and professor of… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Sermons. Vol. 5 | Примечание: Проповеди. Полный вариант заголовка: «Sermons : Vol. 5 : in 5 volumes / by Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of the High Church, and professor of… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга | ||
Sermons. Vol. 1 | Примечание: Проповеди. Полный вариант заголовка: «Sermons : Vol. 1 : in 5 volumes / by Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of the High Church, and professor of… — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга |
Hugh Blair
Hugh Blair (
As a
Life
Blair was born in
In 1741, two years after the publication of his thesis, Blair received his license as a Presbyterian preacher. Shortly thereafter, the
Having attained ultimate success in the church, Blair turned to matters of education. In 1757 he was presented with an honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity by the Church of St. Andrews and began to teach a course in the principles of literary composition for the University of Edinburgh in 1759. At first Blair taught without remuneration, but the popularity of his course led to the institution of a class in Rhetoric at the university and a paid professorship for Blair. Blair was eventually appointed the first Regius Chair of Rhetoric and Belles Lettres by
Blair’s life was very full in both the public and the private spheres. As a central figure in the Scottish Enlightenment, he surrounded himself with other
Chronology of works
* 1739: "Defundamentis et Obligatione Legis Naturæ"
* 1753: "The Works of Shakespeare"(ed. Hugh Blair [Anon.] )
* 1755: Review of Francis Hutcheson’s "A System of Moral Philosophy" [Anon.]
* 1755: "Observations on a Pamphlet" [by John Bonar] , "intitled An Analysis of the Moral and Religious Sentiments contained in the Writings of Sopho and David Hume Esq" [Anon.]
* 1760: ‘Preface’ [Anon.] to James Macpherson, "Fragments of Ancient Poetry collected in the Highlands of Scotland and translated from the Galic or Erse Language"
* 1763: "A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian, the Son of Fingal
* 1777-1801: "Sermons" (5 vols)
* 1783: "Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres"
Major works
Blair is best known for the publication of three major works: "A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian, Son of Fingal"; "Sermons"; and "Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres". While little attention is given to his other works, it must be noted that Blair published several other works anonymously, the most important of which is an eight-volume edition of
"A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian, the Son of Fingal"
In 1763 Blair published "A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian", his first well known openly authored publication. Blair, having long taken interest in the
The
"Sermons"
Blair published the first of his five volume series "Sermons" in 1777. It is a compilation of the
"Sermons" reflects Blair’s position as a member of the moderate or
"Sermons" focuses on questions of
Blair’s appeal to both
"Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres"
After retiring from his position as Chair of Rhetoric and Belles Lettres at the University of Edinburgh in 1783, Blair published his lectures for the first time, deeming it necessary because unauthorized copies of his work threatened the legacy of his teachings. The result is arguably Blair’s most important work: "Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres". "Lectures", a compilation of 47 of Blair’s lectures given to students at the University of Edinburgh, serves as a practical guide for youth on composition and language; a guide that makes Blair the first great theorist of written discourse.
"Lectures" is important not because it presents radical new theories. In fact, Blair himself admits that the work is a suffusion of his understanding of classical and modern theories of language. Lectures draws on the classic works of theorists such as
The intention of "Lectures" is to provide youth with a simple, organized guide on the value of rhetoric and belles lettres in the quest for upward mobility and social success. Blair believed that social cultivation, and most importantly the proper use of polite literature and effective writing, was the key to social success. For him, an education in literature was socially useful, both in its ability to elevate one’s social status and its ability to promote virtue and morality. Blair also acknowledged that a person must have virtue and personal character, as well as knowledge of literature in order to be an effective speaker or writer.
While Blair’s outline of the requirements for an excellent speaker or writer is an important aspect of "Lectures", the work covers a very broad scope of issues relating to composition. Blair’s primary considerations are the issues of
As an adherer to Scottish common sense realism, Blair’s theories are founded in the belief that the principles of rhetoric evolve from the principles of nature. Blair’s definition of taste reflects this sentiment: “The power of receiving pleasure from the beauties of nature and art: (15). His analysis of the nature of taste is one of his most important contributions to compositional theories because taste, according to Blair, is foundational to rhetoric and necessary for successful written and spoken discourse.
While Blair’s work is generally a safe composite of multiple theories, it contains many valuable insights, such as the aforementioned analysis of taste. Blair’s discussion of the history of written discourse is another important contribution to composition theory because this history was previously neglected. As well, Blair’s naming and defining of four generic categories of writing:
Blair’s "Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres" combines the fundamental principles of belletristic rhetoric and literary theory in a concise, accessible form. Drawing on classic and modern theories, Blair’s work is the most comprehensive prescriptive guide on composition in the 18th century. It enjoyed tremendous success for nearly a century, as 130 editions were published in numerous European languages.
Influence
Blair wrote in a time when print culture was flourishing and traditional rhetoric was falling out of favour. By focusing on issues of cultivation and upward mobility, Blair overshadowed the prevailing opinions of rhetoric and capitalized on the 18th century belief in the potential to rise above one’s station. At this time, new money
While Blair enjoyed great success in the better part of the 19th century, this success was not maintained throughout the following century. After the authenticity of the Ossian poems was disproved, "A Critical Dissertation on the Poems of Ossian" caused a decline in Blair’s credibility. "Sermons" was criticized for its sentimentality and lack of doctrinal definiteness and it failed to adapt to changing tastes. "Lectures" too did not maintain its popularity as theorists such as
References
*A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature
* Corbett, Edward P. J. “Hugh Blair as an Analyzer of English Prose Style.” "College Composition and Communication" 9(2): 93-103. 1958.
* Downey, Charlotte. “Introduction.” "Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres."Delmar, N.Y.: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1993. ISBN 0-8093-1907-1
* Hill, John. "An Account of Life and Writings of Hugh Blair, D.D."Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1997.
* Ulman, H. Lewis. "Things, Thoughts, Words, and Actions: The Problem of Language in Late Eighteenth-Century British Rhetorical Theory." Illinois: Southern Illinois Press, 1994. ISSN 0161-7729
External links
* [http://www.jamesboswell.info/People/biography-44.php Hugh Blair] at James Boswell - a Guide
* [http://www.msu.edu/user/ransford/ Hugh Blair] at MSU - a Website on Hugh Blair's life and philosophy
* [http://www.thoemmes.com/encyclopedia/blair.htm Hugh Blair] at Thoemmes Continuum - an Encyclopedia article
* [http://www.electricscotland.com/history/other/blair_hugh.htm Great Scots] at Electric Scotland - an Article on Hugh Blair's legacy as a Scottish theorist
Источник: Hugh Blair
См. также в других словарях:
Rhetoric — This article is about the art of rhetoric in general. For the work by Aristotle, see Rhetoric (Aristotle). Painting depicting a lecture in a knight academy, painted by Pieter Isaacsz or Reinhold Timm for Rosenborg Castle as part of a series of… … Wikipedia
rhetoric — /ret euhr ik/, n. 1. (in writing or speech) the undue use of exaggeration or display; bombast. 2. the art or science of all specialized literary uses of language in prose or verse, including the figures of speech. 3. the study of the effective… … Universalium
Adam Smith — Infobox Philosopher region = Western Economists era = Classical economics (Modern economics) color = #B0C4DE name = Adam Smith birth = Baptised 16 June 1723 smaller| [OS: 5 June 1723] Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland death = death date and… … Wikipedia
Smith, Adam — (baptized June 5, 1723, Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scot. died July 17, 1790, Edinburgh) Scottish social philosopher and political economist. The son of a customs official, he studied at the Universities of Glasgow and Oxford. A series of public lectures in … Universalium
Main Invisible — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Main invisible (homonymie). Adam Smith La « main invisible » est initialement une expression emp … Wikipédia en Français
Main invisible — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Main invisible (homonymie). Adam Smith. Dans le domaine socio économique, la main invisible évoque l idée que des actions guidées par notre seul intérê … Wikipédia en Français