Электронная книга: Karl Leonhard Reinhold «Briefeüber die Kantische Philosophie. Bd. 2»
Примечание: Письма о философии И. Канта. Полный вариант заголовка: «Briefe über die Kantische Philosophie. Bd. 2 / von Carl Leonhard Reinhold». Издательство: "Библиотечный фонд" (1792)
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Briefeüber die Kantische Philosophie. Bd. 1 | Примечание: Письма о философии И. Канта. Полный вариант заголовка: «Briefe über die Kantische Philosophie. Bd. 1 / von Carl Leonhard Reinhold» — Библиотечный фонд, электронная книга Подробнее... | электронная книга |
Karl Leonhard Reinhold
Infobox Philosopher
region = Western Philosophy
era =
color = #B0C4DE
caption = Karl Leonhard Reinhold
name = Karl Leonhard Reinhold
birth =
death =
school_tradition =
main_interests =
influences =
influenced = Maimon, Fichte
notable_ideas = Elementary Philosophy, Principle of Consciousness
Karl Leonhard Reinhold (
Life
Reinhold was born in
In the "German Mercury" he published, in the years 1786-87, his "Briefe über die Kantische Philosophie" ("Letters on the Kantian Philosophy"), which were most important in making
In 1789 he published his chief work, the "Versuch einer neuen Theorie des menschlichen Vorstellungsvermögens" ("Essay towards a New Theory of the Faculty of Representation"), in which he attempted to simplify the Kantian theory and make it more of a unity. In 1794 he accepted a call to
In later life he was powerfully influenced by
"Reinhold lays greater emphasis than Kant upon the unity and activity ofconsciousness . The principle of consciousness tells us that every idea is related both to an object and a subject, and is partly to be distinguished from and partly united to both. Since form cannot produce matter and a subject cannot produce an object, we are forced to assume athing-in-itself . This is a notion which is self-contradictory if consciousness were to be essentially a relating activity. There is therefore something which must be thought and yet cannot be thought." [Høffding, Harald. "A History of Modern Philosophy". Tr. B.E. Meyer. Reprint. London: Macmillan,1908. [http://books.google.com/books?id=nxguAAAAIAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA124,M1 Vol. 2, pp. 124-125] . See also,Robert Keil , "Wieland und Reinhold" (2nd ed., Leipzig, 1890), J. E. Erdmann, "Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie" (Berlin, 1866) and the histories of philosophy byRichard Falckenberg andWilhelm Windelband .]
Letters on the Kantian Philosophy
As a former
According to editor
Establishing Kant on Secure Ground
Kant's critical philosophy was not being accepted as the final truth. According to Professor George di Giovanni, of McGill University, Reinhold tried to provide a foundation for Kant's philosophy in order to remedy this situation. Reinhold distinguished two levels of philosophy. The most basic level was the concern with consciousness and the representations that occurred in it. The second, less basic, level, was the concern with the possibility and structure of the known or desired objects.
Kant's important realization was that the possibility of metaphysics can be established. This can be done only by describing what occurs when the mind is conscious of objects. Kant's weakness was in being overly concerned with the objects themselves. He remained at the second, less basic, level of philosophy. He rarely examined what occurred in consciousness, which is the basic level of philosophy. Kant did not provide a phenomenological description of consciousness. Reinhold was convinced that Kant should have identified the fundamental fact of consciousness that was essential in making cognition itself possible.
Reinhold's "Essay towards a New Theory of the Human Faculty of Representation" is a description of the main parts and attributes of consciousness. In writing this book, Reinhold turned his attention from the moral issues that Kant addressed in the end section of his
*General Theory of Representation
**The thing-in-itself necessarily exists, but cannot be known.
**Human knowledge is restricted to appearances only.
**Principle of Consciousness - The thinking subject distinguishes in consciousness the representation or mental image from the observing subject and the observed object.
***This is a certain fact of consciousness.
***The observing subject is the location of the representation or mental image.
***The observed object is anything that is represented as being present to the mind of the observing subject.
Reinhold examined the necessary conditions of representation, such as subject and object, that must exist in order for an object to be consciously present.
*Representation's Material and Form
**The representation's material ('Stoff') is a given or received manifold of sensation which is unified when it is attributed to a transcendental object. It allows the thinking subject to distinguish a thing-in-itself.
**The representation's form is a spontaneous unifying act which occurs according to the subject's conditions. It allows the thinking subject to distinguish a self-in-itself.
**The self-in-itself and the thing-in-itself must be assumed in order for the thinking subject to be able to make a distinction between consciousness itself and the object of consciousness.
*We can never know anything in itself, that is, as not representation. An object-in-Itself or subject-in-itself does not have matter (sensation) or representational form, so they cannot be known. Only that which is represented can be known
*Consciousness must contain representation.
**An empirical representation takes its material from a source that is supposed to be external to it.
**A pure representation takes its material by reflecting on consciousness
**A clear and distinct consciousness of an object is an awareness that consciousness itself is a representation in a subject of an external object.
*Special Theory of Cognition
**Cognition is clear, distinct knowledge that consciousness contains a representation of an object.
***Cognition is consciousness's awareness that its own content is a subject's representation of an object.
References
*Dieter Henrich, "Between Kant and Hegel", Translated, with Introductions, by George de Giovanni and H.S. Harris, Hackett Publishing Co., Indianapolis ISBN 0-87220-504-5
*"Letters on the Kantian Philosophy", Edited by
External links
*sep entry|karl-reinhold|Karl Leonhard Reinhold|Dan Breazeale
Notes
Источник: Karl Leonhard Reinhold
См. также в других словарях:
Karl Leonhard Reinhold — Philosophe Occidental Époque Moderne Naissance 26 octobre 1757, V … Wikipédia en Français
Karl Leonhard Reinhold — Carl Leonhard Reinhold, Stich von Johann Christian Benjamin Gottschick nach einer Zeichnung von Johann Heinrich Lips Carl Leonhard Reinhold (* 26. Oktober 1757 in Wien; † 10. April 1823 in Kiel) war Philosoph und als … Deutsch Wikipedia
Karl Leonhard Reinhold — Infobox Philosopher region = Western Philosophy era = 18th century philosophy color = #B0C4DE caption = Karl Leonhard Reinhold name = Karl Leonhard Reinhold birth = 26 October, 1757 death = 10 April, 1823 school tradition = German Idealism main… … Wikipedia
Karl Leonhard Reinhold — C. L. Reinhold. Carl Leonhard Reinhold[1] (nacido el 26 de octubre de 1757 en Viena; fallecido el 10 de abril de 1823 en Kiel) fue un filósofo y, como … Wikipedia Español
Carl Leonhard Reinhold — Carl Leonhard Reinhold, Stich von Johann Christian Benjamin Gottschick nach einer Zeichnung von Johann Heinrich Lips Carl Leonhard Reinhold (* 26. Oktober 1757 in Wien; † 10. April 1823 in Kiel) war Philosoph und als Schriftsteller der wichtigste … Deutsch Wikipedia
Reinhold — oder Reinold ist ein männlicher Vorname, der auch als Familienname vorkommt. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Herkunft und Bedeutung 2 Namenstag 3 Bekannte Namensträger 3.1 … Deutsch Wikipedia