Книга: Francis Bicknell Carpenter, Henry Jarvis Raymond «The Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln ...: Together with His State Papers, Including His Speeches, Addresses, Messages, Letters, and Proclamations, ... Scenes Connected with His Life and Death»

The Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln ...: Together with His State Papers, Including His Speeches, Addresses, Messages, Letters, and Proclamations, ... Scenes Connected with His Life and Death

This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Издательство: "Nabu Press" (2010)

ISBN: 1174014237

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Francis Bicknell Carpenter


poly 5 190 24 172 26 155 35 140 49 140 56 144 59 162 64 181 76 204 118 251 144 272 150 312 144 333 118 339 96 307 66 296 50 240 14 232 Edwin Stanton (Secretary of War)poly 77 188 75 145 71 97 96 81 96 74 93 68 99 48 115 43 124 52 124 61 119 80 124 85 124 91 134 98 154 129 153 138 139 156 139 164 151 207 137 262 80 207 Salmon Chase (Secretary of the Treasury)poly 151 238 154 205 158 165 183 152 190 145 191 135 183 135 183 117 194 104 209 104 223 113 220 122 213 130 220 147 220 155 236 168 257 197 281 213 289 221 283 223 283 231 277 228 273 224 250 224 241 247 283 255 288 266 260 349 219 349 219 278 Abraham Lincoln (President of the United States)poly 281 210 300 176 322 164 319 146 319 126 336 122 345 124 352 136 353 161 376 173 386 202 358 203 346 215 Gideon Welles (Secretary of the Navy)poly 283 315 307 315 340 251 381 251 389 226 337 226 361 204 398 203 428 167 427 154 424 154 424 145 429 137 429 131 443 127 454 136 454 153 454 168 466 200 468 217 435 313 398 322 382 286 371 286 362 349 311 359 309 355 324 340 325 325 285 326 William Seward (Secretary of State)poly 382 132 407 116 401 108 401 88 410 79 421 81 426 90 430 115 439 123 440 141 414 208 373 210 370 170 Caleb B. Smith (Secretary of the Interior)poly 439 120 450 105 448 96 445 80 445 69 452 65 463 65 472 71 475 81 475 93 481 105 498 120 502 162 499 206 490 210 457 204 438 135 Montgomery Blair (Postmaster General)poly 501 207 501 193 531 169 531 162 528 145 528 134 541 122 559 135 563 146 562 158 574 167 578 188 578 198 593 226 580 218 558 218 553 223 Edward Bates (Attorney General)poly 251 223 240 248 286 253 293 238 300 244 338 234 325 217 296 222 282 222 282 232 278 233 273 223 Emancipation Proclamation draftpoly 317 2 318 65 380 65 379 0 Unknown Paintingrect 1 1 608 367 use cursor to explore or button to enlarge

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Francis Bicknell Carpenter (August 6, 1830–May 23, 1900) was an American painter born in Homer, New York. Carpenter is best known for his painting "First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln", which is hanging in the United States Capitol. Carpenter resided with President Lincoln at the White House and in 1866 published his one volume memoir " Six Months at the White House with Abraham Lincoln". [http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/artifact/Painting_33_00005.htm U.S. Senate Art & History site] retrieved 2008] Carpenter was a descendant of the New England Rehoboth Carpenter Family.

Early life

Carpenter was born in the town of Homer, New York to Asaph and Almira Carpenter. Asaph Carpenter was a farmer. The family farm was located between the village of Homer and the hamlet of Little York, on what is now US Route 11. Francis Carpenter exhibited signs of artistic leanings at an early age; “from the age of eight he drew on every available surface, once chalking a scene of the capture of Major John Andre on the side of the family barn”. Carpenter also lettered and painted signs for local businesses. Carpenter’s father was not initially enthusiastic about his son’s artistic pursuits, at one point calling them “nonsense”; he apprenticed his son, unsuccessfully, to a grocer at the age of thirteen.

Education

One years later after showing his father a painting of his mother that the former viewed as a success—Carpenter was allowed to go to Syracuse, New York to study under Sanford Thayer. In 1848 at age 18, he was awarded a purchase prize by the American Art-Union. By the age of twenty-one, Carpenter established a studio in New Pork City.

Early career

In 1852, Carpenter was commissioned to paint a portrait of President Millard Fillmore, a fellow upstate New Yorker born in Cayuga County. Commissions followed for portraits of Presidents Franklin Pierce and John Tyler, and other mid-19th century notables, including the clergyman Henry Ward Beecher; newspaper editor Horace Greeley; Ezra Cornell, founder of Cornell University; James Russell Lowell, poet; and John C. Fremont, the first Republican presidential candidate.

Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln"

According to his memoir, "Six Months at the White House", Carpenter was deeply moved by Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation, calling it “an act unparalleled for moral grandeur in the history of mankind”, and Carpenter felt "an intense desire to do something expressive of...the great moral issue involved in the war." Carpenter, having formulated his idea for the subject of the painting and outlined its composition, fortuitously met Frederick A. Lane, a friend who recently had earned a large amount of money. Bankrolled by Lane, and through the influence of Samuel Sinclair of the "New York Tribune" and Congressman Schuyler Colfax of Indiana, Carpenter gained Lincoln’s assent to travel to Washington and work with him on the painting. Carpenter met with the President on February 6, 1864, and began work.

Carpenter began with many sketches of Cabinet members and of Lincoln himself, working from life, as Lincoln worked, and from photographs taken by Matthew Brady of Lincoln and members of his Cabinet. Carpenter was given free access to Lincoln’s White House office for the former purpose, and the State Dining Room was given him for a studio. On 12 July, 1864, Lincoln led his cabinet into the State Dining Room to view the completed work.

Exhibition of "First Reading" and reception

When Lincoln had the painting exhibited to the public in the East Room of the White House, Carpenter noted that the exhibition was thronged with visitors. An engraving of the painting was made by Alexander Hay Ritchie for mass reproduction. The painting was well received by critics, according to newspaper advertisements for those reproductions; also, many of the subjects in the painting commented favorably. The painting itself then toured the country.

Purchase and donation to Congress

Carpenter campaigned for Congress to purchase the painting, enlisting the help of fellow Homer native William O. Stoddard, Lincoln's private secretary. Congress did not appropriate the money. The painting remained in Carpenter’s possession until 1877, when he arranged for Elizabeth Thompson to purchase it for $25,000 and donate it to Congress. A joint session of Congress was held in 1878, on Lincoln’s birthday, to serve as a reception for the painting. The artist was present at this event.

Later career and death

Ca the latter’s assassination, Carpenter produced many portraits of Lincoln and his family; some based on memory, others on photographs provided by Lincoln’s widow. Carpenter’s skills were in decline by this time. One admirer of Carpenter’s early work wondered if a later portrait of Lincoln was a forgery.

By the late 1870s, Carpenter became increasingly interested in religion and spirituality; art historian Mary Bartlett Cowdrey believed “that religious obsession somehow undermined Carpenter’s work”. Carpenter died in New York City—a brief obituary appearing in the "New York Times" misstated the title of his most famous work. His body was returned to Homer, and he was buried in Greenwood Cemetery in that village.

Criticism and later exhibitions of Carpenter’s work

Carpenter’s legacy has been decidedly mixed, according to a retrospective of Carpenter’s career written for the "American Art Journal". Cowdrey attempted a full-scale biography that might have helped his reputation, but became frustrated by lack of interest on the part of Carpenter’s family. Contemporary critic Henry T. Tuckerman acknowledged Carpenter’s “facility in capturing a likeness” but “criticized the artist’s lack of ‘grace’ and ‘vitality’”. The United States Senate "Catalogue of Fine Art" observes that "First Reading", as it hangs today in the Capitol, contains a much weaker portrait of Lincoln than the engraving made from it. This was due to Carpenter’s obsessive tinkering with the original painting while he had it in his possession.

In 2006, an exhibition of portraits by Carpenter was shown at the Center for the Arts [http://www.center4art.org/] in Homer, New York. Portraits by Carpenter of several figures of local historical interest were exhibited. Loans of the works were obtained from community members, the Phillips Free Library [http://library.public-libraries.org/NewYork/Homer/PhillipsFreeLibrary.html] in Homer, and the Homer Central School District [http://www.homercentral.org/] .

References

Источник: Francis Bicknell Carpenter

Henry Jarvis Raymond

Infobox_Politician
name = Henry J. Raymond



office = 2nd Chair of the Republican National Committee
term_start = 1864
term_end = 1866
predecessor = Edwin D. Morgan
successor = Marcus L. Ward
birth_date = birth date|1820|1|24|mf=y
birth_place = Livingston County, New York
death_date = death date and age|1869|6|18|1820|1|24|mf=y
death_place = New York City, New York

Henry Jarvis Raymond (January 24 1820 near Lima, Livingston County, New York - June 18 1869 New York City) was an American journalist and politician.

Life

He graduated from the University of Vermont in 1840. After assisting Horace Greeley in publishing several newspapers, Raymond formed Raymond, Jones & Co. in 1851, and founded the New York Times. He was the newspaper's editor and chief proprietor until his death in New York City.

New York State politics

Raymond was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1850 and 1851, and in the latter year was its speaker. A member of the Whig party's Northern radical anti-slavery wing, his nomination over Greeley on the Whig ticket for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1854 led to the dissolution of the political firm of Seward, Weed and Greeley. Raymond was elected lieutenant governor, and served from 1855 to 1856.

Raymond had a prominent part in the formation of the Republican Party and drafted the Address to the People adopted by the Republican organizing convention which met in Pittsburgh on February 22 1856. In 1862, he was again Speaker of the New York Assembly.

National politics

During the Civil War, Raymond supported Lincoln's policies in general, but protested his delays in aggressively prosecuting the war.Fact|date=February 2007 He was among the first to urge the adoption of a broad and liberal post-war attitude toward the people of the South and opposed the Radical Republicans who wanted harsher measures against the South. In 1865, he was a delegate to the National Republican Convention, and was made Chairman of the Republican National Committee. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867.

On December 22 1865, he attacked Thaddeus Stevens's theory of the dead states (in which states that had seceded were not to be restored to their former status in the Union), and, agreeing with the President, argued that the states were never out of the Union, in as much as the ordinances of secession were null. Raymond authored the Address and Declaration of Principles issued by the Loyalist Convention (or National Union Convention) at Philadelphia in August 1866. His attack on Stevens and his prominence at the Loyalist Convention caused him to lose favor with the Republican party. He was removed from the chairmanship of the Republican National Committee in 1866, and in 1867 his nomination as minister to Austria, which he had already refused, was rejected by the United States Senate.

He retired from public life in 1867 and devoted his time to newspaper work until his death in New York City in 1869.

Journalistic career

Raymond began his journalistic career on Greeley's "Tribune" and gained further experience in editing James Watson Webb's "Courier and Enquirer." Then, with the help of friends, Raymond raised one hundred thousand dollars capital (a hundred times what Greeley staked on the "Tribune" ten years earlier) and founded the "New York Times" on September 18 1851.

Editorially, Raymond sought a niche between Greeley's open partisanship and Bennett's party-neutrality. In the first issue of the "Times" Raymond announced his purpose to write in temperate and measured language and to get into a passion as rarely as possible. "There are few things in this world which it is worth while to get angry about; and they are just the things anger will not improve." In controversy he meant to avoid abusive language. His editorials were generally cautious, impersonal, and finished in form.

Works

Raymond was an able public speaker; one of his best known speeches was a greeting to Hungarian leader Lajos Kossuth, whose cause he defended.Fact|date=August 2008

In addition to his work with the "New York Times", he wrote several books, including:
* "A Life of Daniel Webster" (1853)
* "Political Lessons of the Revolution" (1854)
* "A History of the Administration of President Lincoln" (1864)
* "The Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln" (1865)

Publications

* Augustus Maverick, "Henry J. Raymond and the New York Press for Thirty Years" (Hartford, 1870)

References

* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=9199060 Davis, Elmer. "History of the New York Times, 1851-1921" (1921)]
* Dicken-Garcia, Hazel. "Journalistic Standards in Nineteenth-Century America" (1989)
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=15305157 Douglas, George H. "The Golden Age of the Newspaper" (1999)]
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=107069643 Sloan, W. David and James D. Startt. "The Gilded Age Press, 1865-1900" (2003)]
* [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=49503287 Summers, Mark Wahlgren."The Press Gang: Newspapers and Politics, 1865-1878" (1994)]
*
* This article also copies from [http://www.bartleby.com/226/index.html#12 Newspapers, 1775 – 1860 by Frank W. Scott] (1917), which is also in the [http://www.bromsun.com/practices/copyright-portfolio-development/flowchart.htm public domain]

External links

* [http://www.mrlincolnandnewyork.org/inside.asp?ID=38&subjectID=3 Mr. Lincoln and New York: Henry J. Raymond]
*

Источник: Henry Jarvis Raymond

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