Книга: Niebuhr Barthold Georg «Carminum Panegyricique Reliquiae Ex Membranis Sangallensibus (Latin Edition)»

Carminum Panegyricique Reliquiae Ex Membranis Sangallensibus (Latin Edition)

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Издательство: "Книга по Требованию" (2011)

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Niebuhr, Barthold Georg

born Aug. 27, 1776, Copenhagen, Den.
died Jan. 31, 1831, Bonn, Prussia

German historian.

Niebuhr held posts in state service in Denmark and Prussia before resigning to become state historiographer. In 1810 he began a series of lectures at the University of Berlin that were the basis of his great work, the enormously influential History of Rome (1811–32). In it he introduced skepticism to historical scholarship, showing how to analyze historical sources, discard worthless material, and lay bare elements from which historical facts could be reconstructed, and thereby initiating a new era in historiography.

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▪ German historian

born Aug. 27, 1776, Copenhagen, Denmark
died Jan. 31, 1831, Bonn, Prussia [Germany]
 German historian who started a new era in historical studies by his method of source criticism; all subsequent historians are in some sense indebted to him.

      Niebuhr was the only son of the Danish explorer Carsten Niebuhr. Up to his matriculation at the University of Kiel he had a solitary education that perhaps intensified his leaning toward a life of scholarship. But on his father's advice he spent over a year in England and Scotland and then embarked on a career in state service, becoming private secretary to Count Schimmelmann, the Danish minister of finance, and in 1804 director of the national bank. In 1806, at the request of Baron von Stein, the Prussian chief minister, he took up a similar post in Prussia. Two years after Stein's fall (1808), however, disapproving of Prince von Hardenberg's policy, he resigned and became state historiographer. At the same time he became a member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences and was thereby empowered to lecture at the newly founded University of Berlin. In 1810 he began the series of lectures on Roman history that were the basis of his great book. In 1816 he went as Prussian ambassador to the Vatican, retiring to Bonn in 1823.

      Niebuhr's Römische Geschichte, 3 vol. (1811–32; History of Rome) marked an era in the study of its special subject and had a momentous influence on the general conception of history. Although Niebuhr made particular contributions of value to learning (e.g., his study of social and agrarian problems), some of his theories were extravagant and his conclusions mistaken. His permanent contribution to scholarship was his method. The failings of classical sources were already recognized, but it was Niebuhr who evolved what Johann Wolfgang von Goethe called tätige Skepsis—the “constructive skepticism” which is the root of a scientific method of criticism. It was Niebuhr who showed how to analyze the strata in a source, particularly poetical and mythical tradition, and how to discard the worthless and thereby lay bare the material from which the historical facts could be reconstructed. He thus laid the foundation for the great period of German historical scholarship.

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Источник: Niebuhr, Barthold Georg

См. также в других словарях:

  • Niebuhr, Barthold Georg — born Aug. 27, 1776, Copenhagen, Den. died Jan. 31, 1831, Bonn, Prussia German historian. Niebuhr held posts in state service in Denmark and Prussia before resigning to become state historiographer. In 1810 he began a series of lectures at the… …   Universalium

  • Niebuhr, Barthold Georg — (27 ago. 1776, Copenhague, Dinamarca–31 ene. 1831, Bonn, Prusia). Historiador alemán. Fue funcionario público en Dinamarca y Prusia antes de renunciar y convertirse en historiógrafo oficial del Estado. En 1810, en la Universidad de Berlín, inició …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • NIEBUHR, BARTHOLD GEORG —    distinguished historian, born at Copenhagen, son of the succeeding; studied at Kiel, and for a time at London and Edinburgh; after various civil appointments in Denmark, entered the civil service of Prussia in 1806; on the establishment of the …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Barthold Georg Niebuhr — (Zeichnung von Louise Seidler) Barthold Georg Niebuhr (* 27. August 1776 in Kopenhagen; † 2. Januar 1831 in Bonn) war ein bedeutender deutscher Althistoriker …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Barthold Georg Niebuhr — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Barthold Georg Niebuhr Barthold Georg Niebuhr (27 de agosto de 1776 – 2 de enero de 1831) fue un político alemán e historiador. Fue hijo del explorador y cartógrafo …   Wikipedia Español

  • Barthold Georg Niebuhr — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Niebuhr. Barthold Georg Niebuhr …   Wikipédia en Français

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