Книга: Kelly William «Lectures on the Book of Revelation»

Lectures on the Book of Revelation

Серия: "-"

Книга представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по восстановлению первоначального качества издания, на некоторых страницах могут обнаружиться небольшие "огрехи" :помарки, кляксы и т. п.

Издательство: "Книга по Требованию" (2011)

Купить за 1321 руб в My-shop

Другие книги автора:

КнигаОписаниеГодЦенаТип книги
Lectures introductory to the study of the Epistles of Paul the apostleКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111318бумажная книга
Lectures introductory to the study of the GospelsКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111326бумажная книга
Lectures on the Gospel of MatthewКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111317бумажная книга
The Lord's Prophecy On Olivet in Matthew 24, 25Книга представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...2011679бумажная книга
Abram, Lectures On Genesis 12-25, by W. K.Книга представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...2011689бумажная книга
Lectures Introductory to the Study of the PentateuchКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111325бумажная книга
Notes On the Epistle of Paul to the Romans, with a New TranslКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111314бумажная книга
Elements of ProphecyКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111311бумажная книга
Lectures On the Second Coming and Kingdom of the Lord and Saviour Jesus ChristКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111317бумажная книга
Notes On Ezekiel, by W. K.Книга представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111311бумажная книга
Six Lectures On Fundamental Truths Connected with the Church of GodКнига представляет собой репринтное издание. Несмотря на то, что была проведена серьезная работа по… — Книга по Требованию, - Подробнее...20111310бумажная книга

Kelly, William

born Aug. 21, 1811, Pittsburgh, Pa., U.S.
died Feb. 11, 1888, Louisville, Ky.

U.S. ironmaster.

He purchased ironworks in Eddyville, Ky., and began experiments with an air blast to prepare pig for conversion to wrought iron. Because of the similarity of his apparatus to the first form of Bessemer converter (see Bessemer process), he was awarded a U.S. patent on the pneumatic steel process. There is no evidence that he made steel in any of his trials.

* * *

▪ American inventor
born Aug. 21, 1811, Pittsburgh, Pa., U.S.
died Feb. 11, 1888, Louisville, Ky.

      American ironmaster who invented the pneumatic process of steelmaking, in which air is blown through molten pig iron to oxidize and remove unwanted impurities. Also patented by Sir Henry Bessemer of Great Britain, this process produced the first inexpensive steel, which became the major construction material in the burgeoning industrial age.

      In the early 1840s, while on a buying trip for McShane & Kelly, a Pittsburgh dry-goods and shipping company in which he was a partner, Kelly became interested in the iron (iron processing) industry around Eddyville, Ky., and later persuaded his brother to join him in forming an ironworks. They bought an iron furnace and 14,000 acres of timberland and ore deposits; the Eddyville Iron Works prospered.

      With the gradual depletion of the timberland and the dwindling of carbon-free iron deposits, Kelly began searching for a more efficient means of refining pig iron. Aware that air drafts cause molten iron to glow white hot, he became convinced that air blown through molten iron not only would remove the carbon but also would cause the temperature of the molten mass to rise, making further heating unnecessary.

      Those around Kelly thought his scheme insane, and his father-in-law even had him examined by a doctor. But the physician's knowledge of basic science enabled him to see the value of his patient's scheme, and he became one of Kelly's strongest supporters.

      About 1850, after several failures, Kelly succeeded in producing iron and steel with his process, although the quality of the steel was still largely a matter of chance. He did not patent the process immediately but continued working on it.

      In 1855 Bessemer (Bessemer process) obtained an English patent, and the following year several American patents, on the pneumatic process. When Kelly heard of Bessemer's patents, he filed a priority claim and in 1857 received a U.S. patent superseding Bessemer's patents.

      Further innovations in steelmaking, notably by Robert Mushet of England and Goran Goransson of Sweden, made the pneumatic process practical. Before he went bankrupt during the panic of 1857, Kelly sold his patent to his father. In 1859 he renewed his experiments at the Cambria Iron Works, Johnstown, Pa., and by 1862 managed to find enough financial aid to enable him to build a steel plant in Wyandotte, Mich. Within two years he produced the first commercial steel using the Kelly process. In 1863 the Kelly Pneumatic Process Company was organized, and the following year a rival company using Bessemer's patents was organized in Troy, N.Y. Unable to achieve more than minimal success with their respective patents and processes, the two companies pooled their resources in 1866, and thereafter steel production expanded rapidly.

      Although he received some money from the Kelly Company, it was only after his patent was extended in 1871 that Kelly received significant remuneration for his invention.

* * *

Источник: Kelly, William

См. также в других словарях:

  • Book of Revelation — For other uses, see Book of Revelation (disambiguation). Books of the New Testament …   Wikipedia

  • Book of Daniel — For other uses, see Book of Daniel (disambiguation). Hebrew Bible …   Wikipedia

  • Book of Common Prayer — For the novel, see A Book of Common Prayer. Part of a series on the Anglican Communion …   Wikipedia

  • The Age of Reason — The Age of Reason: Being an Investigation of True and Fabulous Theology , a deistic treatise written by eighteenth century British radical and American revolutionary Thomas Paine, critiques institutionalized religion and challenges the inerrancy… …   Wikipedia

  • The Oxford Movement (1833-1845) —     The Oxford Movement (1833 1845)     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Oxford Movement (1833 1845)     The Oxford Movement may be looked upon in two distinct lights. The conception which lay at its base, according to the Royal Commission on… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Lectures on Faith — The document Lectures on Faith is a set of seven lectures on the doctrine and theology of the Latter Day Saint movement, first published as the doctrine portion of the 1835 edition of the canonical Doctrine and Covenants , but later removed from… …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»