Электронная книга: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson «The Bridal March; One Day»
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Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Infobox Writer
name = Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
awards = awd|
imagesize = 200px
birthdate = birth date|1832|12|8|df=y
birthplace =
deathdate = death date and age|1910|4|26|1832|12|8|df=y
deathplace =
occupation =
nationality = Norwegian
Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson (
Childhood and education
Bjørnson was born at the farmstead of Bjørgen in
Early production
In 1857 Bjørnson published "Synnøve Solbakken", the first of his peasant novels. In 1858 this was followed by "Arne", in 1860 by "En glad Gut" (A Happy Boy), and in 1868 by "Fiskerjenten" (The Fisher Maiden). These are the most important specimens of his "bonde-fortellinger" or peasant tales.
Bjørnson was anxious "to create a new saga in the light of the peasant," as he put it, and he thought this should be done, not merely in prose fiction, but in national dramas or "folke-stykker". The earliest of these was a one-act piece set in the 12th century, "Mellem Slagene" (Between the Battles), written in 1855 and produced in 1857. He was especially influenced at this time by the study of
The mature author
At the close of 1857 Bjørnson had been appointed director of the theater at
Between 1864 and 1874, Bjørnson displayed a slackening of the intellectual forces very remarkable in a man of his energy; he was mainly occupied with politics and with his business as a theatrical manager. This was the period of Bjørnson's most fiery propaganda as a radical agitator. In 1871 he began to supplement his journalistic work by delivering lectures throughout
From 1874 to 1876 Bjørnson was absent from
The "national poet"
Bjørnson settled on his estate of
Extremely anxious to obtain full success on the stage, Bjørnson concentrated his powers on a drama of social life, "Leonarda" (1879), which raised a violent controversy. A satirical play, "Det nye System" (The New System), was produced a few weeks later. Although these plays of Bjørnson's second period were greatly discussed, few were financially successful.
Bjørnson produced a social drama, "En Handske" (A Gauntlet), in 1883, but was unable to persuade any manager to stage it except in a modified form. In the autumn of the same year, Bjørnson published a mystical or symbolic drama "Over Ævne" (Beyond Powers), dealing with the abnormal features of religious excitement with extraordinary force; this was not acted until 1899, when it achieved a great success.
Political interests
From his youth and forwards, Bjørnson admired
Bjørnson's political opinions had brought upon him a charge of high
A number of short stories, of a more or less
A subject which interested him greatly was the question of the bondemaal, the adopting of a national language for Norway distinct from the "dansk-norsk" (Dano-Norwegian), in which most Norwegian literature had hitherto been written. At an early stage, before 1860, Bjørnson had himself experimented with at least one short story written in landsmål. The interest, however, did not last, and he soon abandoned this enterprise altogether. Afterwards, he regretted that he never felt he gained the mastery of this language. Bjørnson's strong and sometimes rather narrow
Last years
Bjørnson was, from the beginning of the
Bjørnson was one of the original members of the Nobel Committee, and was re-elected in 1900. In 1903 he was awarded the
Bjørnson had done as much as any other man to rouse Norwegian national feeling, but in 1903, on the verge of the rupture between
He died on
References
External links
* [http://nobelprize.org/literature/laureates/1903/index.html Nobel Prize bio]
*
* [http://www.odin.dep.no/odin/engelsk/norway/history/032005-990483/index-dok000-b-n-a.html Biography from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs]
* (A biographical essay, 1910, by
Persondata
NAME= Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne Martinus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Norwegian writer
DATE OF BIRTH=
PLACE OF BIRTH=
DATE OF DEATH=
PLACE OF DEATH=
Источник: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
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