Книга: Aamir Khan «Four Wave Mixing on absolute polar DCDM-WDM fiber optic systems»

Four Wave Mixing on absolute polar DCDM-WDM fiber optic systems

Производитель: "LAP Lambert Academic Publishing"

To use the available bandwidth in optical communication systems different multiplexing techniques are adopted, so that multiple users can access and use the bandwidth efficiently. The most common techniques are frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, optical code division multiplexing, wave length division multiplexing and dense wavelength division multiplexing. Absolute Polar Duty Cycle Division Multiplexing over wave length division multiplexing technique is another technique which increases the channel count from other conventional existing systems. However, AP-DCDM-WDM system faces the non-linearities as like the other conventional system which affects the spectral efficiency. There is a need to study the effect of non linearities, especially effect of four wave mixing on this technique, to make this technique more efficient and powerful by taking suitable measures against the non-linearities. ISBN:9783659139338

Издательство: "LAP Lambert Academic Publishing" (2012)

ISBN: 9783659139338

Aamir Khan

:"Aamir redirects here, For the Indian movie see Aamir (2008 film)".Infobox actor
name = Aamir Khan


caption = Aamir Khan at the promotional event of his film "Taare Zameen Par" (2007).
birthdate = birth date and age|1965|3|14
location = Mumbai, Maharashtra , India
spouse = Kiran Rao (2005 - present)
Reena Dutta (1987 - 2002)
occupation = Actor, Film Producer & Director, Writer
children =
yearsactive = 1973 - 1974, 1984, 1988 - 2001, 2005 - present
filmfareawards = Best Actor
1997: "Raja Hindustani"
2002: "Lagaan"
Best Actor (Critics)
2007: "Rang De Basanti"
Best Male Debut
1989: "Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak"
Best Director
2008: "Taare Zameen Par"
Best Movie
2002: "Lagaan"
2008: "Taare Zameen Par"

Aamir Khan (pronounced|ɑːmɪr xɑːn; Devanāgarī: आमिर ख़ान, (born Aamir Hussain Khan on March 14, 1965)) is an Indian actor and film producer. Khan was part of several commercially successful movies and has established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema, delivering a number of highly acclaimed performances. [cite web|url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/17sd11.htm|title=specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/17sd11.htm ] [cite web|url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/08sld11.htm|title=specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/08sld11.htm ]

Appearing as a child actor in his uncle Nasir Hussain's film "Yaadon Ki Baaraat" (1973), Khan began his professional career eleven years later, with the film, "Holi" (1984). He received his first commercial success with his cousin Mansoor Khan's film "Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak" (1988) and won a Filmfare Best Male Debut Award for his performance in the film. After eight previous nominations during the 1980s and 1990s, Khan received his first Filmfare Best Actor Award for his performance in "Raja Hindustani" (1996), his biggest commercial success so far. [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/cpages.php?pageName=all_time_earners|title=All Time Earners Inflation Adjusted (Figures in Ind Rs)|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.com|accessdate=2008-03-12]

He later earned his second "Best Actor" award at the Filmfare ceremony for his performance in the 2001 Academy Award nominated "Lagaan". After a four year break from acting, Khan made his comeback with Ketan Mehta's "The Rising" (2005). In 2007, he made his directorial debut with "Taare Zameen Par", for which he received a Filmfare Best Director Award. Khan is the founder-owner of Aamir Khan Productions.

Family background

Aamir Khan was born in 1965 in Bandra's Holy Family Hospital, Mumbai, India in a Muslim family that has been actively involved in the Indian motion picture industry for several decades. His father, Tahir Hussain, is a film producer while his deceased uncle, Nasir Hussain, was a film producer as well as a director. Being a descendant of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, his roots can be traced to the city of Herat, Afghanistan. He is also a descendant of former President of India, Dr. Zakir Hussain and a second cousin to former Chairperson of Rajya Sabha, Dr Najma Heptullah. [cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040531/asp/frontpage/story_3313328.asp|title=www.telegraphindia.com/1040531/asp/frontpage/story_3313328.asp ]

Film career

Khan began his film career as a child actor in a home production, produced and directed by Nasir Hussain, titled "Yaadon Ki Baraat" (1973) and "Madhosh" (1974). Eleven years later, he made his adult acting debut in a role that went quite unnoticed in Ketan Mehta's "Holi" (1984).

Khan's first notable leading role came in 1988 in the film "Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak" which was directed by his cousin and Nasir Hussain's son Mansoor Khan. This film was a breakthrough success at the box office, effectively launching Khan's career as a leading actor. Having the typical 'chocolate hero' looks, he was publicised as a teen idol. After that, he went on to appear in several other films in the late '80s and early '90s: "Dil" (1990), which became the highest grossing film of the year, [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=196&catName=MTk5MA=|title=Box Office 1990|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] "Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin" (1991), "Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar" (1992), "Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke" (1993) (for which he also wrote the screenplay), and "Rangeela" (1995). Most of these films were successful critically and commercially. [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=198&catName=MTk5Ng=|title=Box Office 1992|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=199&catName=MTk5Mw=|title=Box Office 1993|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=201&catName=MTk5NQ=|title=Box Office 1995|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] Other successes include "Andaz Apna Apna", co-starring Salman Khan. At the time of its release the movie was reviewed unfavorably by critics, but over the years has gained a cult status. [ [http://www.planetbollywood.com/Film/AndazApnaApna/ Planet-Bollywood - Film Review - Andaz Apna Apna ] ]

Khan continued to act in just one or two films a year, an unusual trait for a mainstream Hindi Cinema actor. His only release in 1996 was the Dharmesh Darshan directed commercial blockbuster "Raja Hindustani" in which he was paired opposite Karisma Kapoor. The film earned him his first Filmfare Best Actor Award, after eight previous nominations, and went on to become the biggest hit of the year, as well as the third highest grossing Indian film of the 1990s. [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=202&catName=MTk5Ng=|title=Box Office 1996|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] Khan's career had seemed to hit a plateau at this point of time, and most of the films to follow for the next few years were only partially successful. In 1997, he co-starred with Ajay Devgan and was paired opposite Juhi Chawla in the film "Ishq", which performed well at the box office. In 1998, Khan appeared in the moderately successful "Ghulam", for which he also did playback singing. [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=204&catName=MTk5OA=|title=Box Office 1998|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] John Mathew Matthan's "Sarfarosh" (1999) was Khan's first release in 1999 which was also moderately successful gaining an above average box office verdict, although the film was highly appreciated amongst the critics and Khan's role as a dedicated, honest and an uncorrupt cop engaged in fighting border terrorism, was well received, as did his role in Deepa Mehta's art house film "Earth". His first release for the new millennium, "Mela", in which he acted alongside his real-life brother Faisal Khan, was both a box-office and critical bomb. [cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=206&catName=MjAwMA=|title=Box Office 2000|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12]

Khan founded his own production company, "Aamir Khan Productions", to help finance his long time friend Ashutosh Gowariker's dream of making the film "Lagaan". The movie was released in 2001, starring Khan as the lead actor. The film was a major critical and commercial success,cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=207&catName=MjAwMQ=|title=Box Office 2001|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] and was selected as India's official entry to the 74th Academy Awards in the Best Foreign Language Film category. It was eventually chosen and nominated in that category along with four other foreign films, but lost to "No Man's Land". Additionally, the film gathered critical acclaim at several international film festivals, apart from winning numerous Bollywood awards, including National Film Awards. Khan himself won his second Filmfare Best Actor Award and commented on loss of "Lagaan" at the Oscars, saying, "Certainly we were disappointed. But the thing that really kept us in our spirits was that the entire country was behind us".

The success of "Lagaan" was followed by "Dil Chahta Hai" later that year, in which Khan co-starred with Akshaye Khanna and Saif Ali Khan, with Preity Zinta playing his love interest. The film was written and directed by the then newcomer Farhan Akhtar. According to critics, the film broke new grounds by showing Indian urban youth as they really are today. The characters depicted were modern, suave and cosmopolitan. The film did moderately well and was a success mostly in urban cities.

Khan then took a four year break citing personal problems, and returned in 2005 with Ketan Mehta's "" playing the title role of a real-life sepoy and a martyr who helped spark the Indian Rebellion of 1857 or the 'First War of Indian Independence'.

Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's award-winning, "Rang De Basanti", was Khan's first release in 2006. His role was critically acclaimed, [cite web|url=http://www.indiafm.com/movies/review/12493/index.html|title=www.indiafm.com/movies/review/12493/index.html ] earning him a Filmfare Critics Award for Best Performance and various nominations for "Best Actor". The film went on to become one of the highest grossing films of the year,cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=212&catName=MjAwNg=|title=Box Office 2006|publisher=BoxOfficeIndia.Com|accessdate=2007-03-12] and was selected as "India's official entry to the Oscars". Although the film was not shortlisted as a nominee, it received a nomination for Best Foreign Film at the BAFTA Awards in England. Khan's work in his next movie, "Fanaa" (2006) was also appreciated, [cite web|url=http://www.indiafm.com/movies/review/12456/index.html|title=www.indiafm.com/movies/review/12456/index.html ] and the film went on to become one of the highest grossing Indian films of 2006.

His 2007 film, "Taare Zameen Par" (about a teacher who befriends and helps a dyslexic child), which Khan produced and also starred in, marked his directorial debut. The film, which was the second offering from "Aamir Khan Productions", opened to excellent responses from critics and audiences alike. His work won him two awards at the Filmfare, the Best Movie and the Best Director awards, and established his status as a competent director and a story-teller.

In 2008, Khan launched his nephew Imran Khan's debut in the film "Jaane Tu Ya Jaane Na". The film was a major critical and commercial success. [http://www.planetbollywood.com/displayArticle.php?id=n061008093720 + ] Recently, on a sony TV show 10 Ka Dum, hosted by Salman Khan, Amir Khan has shown interest in making sequal of hit comedy Andaz Apna Apna with Salman Khan.

Personal life

During the years of "Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak", Khan married Reena Dutta. His parents did not approve of their marriage because of her not being a Muslim. As a result, Khan's marriage stayed a secret both from his parents and the media for a while. Dutta made a brief appearance in the popular song sequence "Papa Kehte Hain" in "Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak". The story of Khan's marriage garnered major public attention when it was first revealed. Even so, Reena Dutta maintained a low profile and continued her job at a travel agency. They had two children, a son named Junaid and a daughter, Ira, and led a quiet family life away from the public eye. Reena was involved, briefly, in Khan's career when she worked as a producer for "Lagaan". In December 2002, Aamir filed for divorce, ending the 15-year marriage, with Reena taking the custody of both their children.

On December 28 2005, Aamir married Kiran Rao who had been an assistant director to Ashutosh Gowariker during the filming of "Lagaan". [cite web|url=http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=60745|title=www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=60745 ]

Recently, his brother Faisal caused a media scandal by accusing Khan of mistreating him and forcing him to take medication. Faisal has been said to be mentally unstable. On October 31 2007, the Bombay high court granted temporary custody of Faisal to their father, Tahir Hussain. Khan's family came out in a public statement, supporting him on all counts in this matter. The statement was also signed by his former wife, Reena Dutta. [cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Aamirs_family_supports_him_against_father/articleshow/2513131.cms|title=timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Aamirs_family_supports_him_against_father/articleshow/2513131.cms ]

Although he has received numerous Indian awards, Khan rarely attends Indian award functions, and says that he does not believe in the authenticity of the selection and winning process. He made an exception when he attended the Oscars for the nomination of Lagaan. In 2007, Khan was invited to have a wax imitation of himself put on display at Madame Tussauds in London. [cite web|url=http://movies.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2561771.cms|title=movies.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2561771.cms ] However, Khan politely declined stating that, "It's not important to me... people will see my films if they want to. Also, I cannot deal with so many things, I have bandwidth only for that much." [cite web|url=http://www.indiatarget.com/cgi-bin/detailnews.cgi?id=5658|title=www.indiatarget.com/cgi-bin/detailnews.cgi?id=5658 ]

Awards and nominations

Filmography

Actor

Writer/Director

See also

* List of Indian Actors

-! colspan="3" style="background: #DAA520;" | Filmfare Awards
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References

External links

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* [http://www.aamirkhan.com Aamir Khan's Official Site]

Persondata
NAME= Khan, Aamir
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION= Actor, Film Producer & Director, Writer
DATE OF BIRTH= 1965-3-14
PLACE OF BIRTH= Mumbai, Maharashtra , India
DATE OF DEATH=
PLACE OF DEATH=

Источник: Aamir Khan

См. также в других словарях:

  • Aamir Khan — Aamir redirects here, For the Indian movie see Aamir (2008 film) .Infobox actor name = Aamir Khan caption = Aamir Khan at the promotional event of his film Taare Zameen Par (2007). birthdate = birth date and age|1965|3|14 location = Mumbai,… …   Wikipedia

  • Aamir Khan — während der Promotiontour zum Film Taare Zameen Par (2008) Aamir Khan (Hindi, आमिर ख़ान, Āmir Khān, * 14. März 1965 in Mumbai, als Aamir Hussain Khan) ist ein indischer Schauspieler und Filmregisseur. Er gehört zu den bekanntesten Akteuren des… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Aamir Khan — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Khan (homonymie). Aamir Khan …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Aamir Khan Productions — Logo de Aamir Khan Productions Création 1999 Fondateurs Aamir Khan Personnages clés …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Aamir Khan Productions — Infobox Company company name = Aamir Khan Productions company company type = Production/Distribution foundation = 2001 location city = Mumbai, Maharashtra location country = IND key people = Aamir Khan Mansoor Khan Kiran Rao industry = Motion… …   Wikipedia

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